အေကာင္းဆံုးလက္ဖက္ေျခာက္ေတြကိုမွေသာက္တတ္တဲ့ဲတရုတ္ဓေလ့!
ေရေႏြးႀကမ္းေျခာက္ေတြရဲ႕ေစ်းေတြကေတာ့ ေတာက္ေလွ်ာက္ဆိုသလိုဘဲ ထိပ္ဆံုးကေန ဦးေဆာင္ၿပီး ေစ်းတက္ေနဖို႔ဘဲရွိပါေတာ့တယ္တဲ့!
ဒါေၾကာင့္ အိႏိၵယႏွင့္ တရုတ္ေတြဟာ ကမၻာေပၚမွာ အႀကီးဆံုးထုတ္လုပ္သူေတြျဖစ္ေနက်တဲ့ လဖၻက္ ေျခာက္ေတြ ကိုအဓိကထားတဲ့ကုမၸဏီေတြအတြက္ကေတာ့ ေရွ႕ဆက္ၿပီးပိုၿပီးေရရွည္ ရည္းႏွီးျမဳပ္ႏွံ မႈေတာ့လုပ္မွ ရေတာ့ မွျဖစ္တဲ့ ေစ်းကြက္အေျခေနကိုေရာက္ေနပါၿပီ၊ အာရွေစ်းကြက္ေတြ အတြက္လဲ အေရးႀကီးတဲ့ အေျခေနကိုေရာက္ေနပါၿပီတဲ့!
ကမၻာ႔ လက္ဖက္ေျခာက္ ေစ်းေတြ ေတာက္ေလွ်ာက္ ေစ်းတက္ေနဖို႔ဘဲရွိေနတာပါတယ္လို႔သိရပါတယ္၊
ဒါေပမဲ့မိမိျပည္တြင္းက ထြက္ရွိတဲ့ လက္ဖက္ေတြက မႏွစ္ကဆိုးေဆးျပႆနာေတြေၾကာင့္ ဘယ္အေျခေနကိုေရာက္ေနပါၿပီလဲ? လက္ဖက္ေတြထဲ ဆိုးေဆးပါတံဆိပ္ ၅၇ မ်ိဳး ထဲမွာျမန္မာ့ နာမည္ ႀကီးတဲ့ တံဆိပ္ေတြ ေတာ္ ေတာ္ မ်ားလဲေနပါတယ္၊ အခုလဲ စကၤာပူမွာ ျမန္မာဆိုင္ေတြမွာေရာင္းေနတာကို ေတြ႕ေနရ ေတာ့ ဆိုးေဆးေတြ ကင္းစင္ ၿပီးလို႔ AVA က စစ္ေဆးၿပီးလို႔ေရာင္းေနတာဘဲလို႔ထင္ျမင္ရပါ တယ္ေလ၊ ဟုတ္မဟုတ္ မေသခ်ာပါေသးဘူး? ဒီကေရႊေတြ ဆိုးေဆးအႏၲရယ္ကို မေၾကာက္က်ဘဲ ၀ယ္ စားေနက်တာ ကိုေတြ႕ေနရပါတယ္၊ ဆိုးေဆးအႏၱရယ္ရွိတာကို မသိက်လို႔လား ?သိရဲ႕ႏွင့္၀ယ္စားတာ လားေတာ့ မေျပာတတ္ပါဘူးေလ၊ ျဖစ္လာမဲ့အႏၲရယ္ကို ဂရုမစိုက္က်ပါဘူးေလ! ဒါေၾကာင့္ မိမိႏိုင္ငံေတာ္ က်န္းမာေရးဌာနေတြကဘဲ ေသေသခ်ာခ်ာစီစစ္ၿပီး ႏိုင္ငံတကာကိုေရာင္းတန္း၀င္အရည္ေသြးမွီ တင္ပို႔ႏိုင္ေအာင္ ေခတ္မွီ စနစ္တက်ျပဳလုပ္သင့္တဲ့ အခ်ိန္ေရာက္ၿပီလို႔ထင္ပါတယ္၊
"အသီးမွာသရက္၊ အရြက္မွာ လက္ဖက္တဲ့" ျမန္မာ့စာဆိုေလး ကို သတိရၿပီး လက္ဖက္ အေၾကာင္းေလး ရွာဖတ္ရင္း ႔ ၊ ၊Wikipedia မွာ ဒါေလးေရးထားတာကို ဖတ္မိလို႔.. " Lahpet was an ancient symbolic peace offering between warring kingdoms in the history of Myanmar, and is exchanged and consumed after settling a dispute" တဲ့(လဖၻက္ကို စစ္ျဖစ္၊တိုက္ခိုက္ေနတဲ့ဘုရင္ ႏိုင္ငံအခ်င္းခ်င္း ပို႔ေဆာင္ပသေပးၿပီး ၿငိမ္းခ်မး္ေရးရယူဖို႔ သေကၤတ တစ္ခု အေနနဲ႔ အျငင္းပြားမႈေတြၿပီးဆံုးသြားတဲ့အခါမွာ စားသံုးၾကတဲ့ ေရွးျမန္မာ ဓေလ့တစ္ခု ျဖစ္ပါတယ္၊
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အျဖဴေရာင္လက္ဖက္ေျခာက္
ရိုးရိုးေနေရာင္ေတြမွာညိႈးႏြမ္းေနတဲ့ လက္ဖက္ကိုဆြတ္ခုူးထားတဲ့ လက္ဖက္ေလးေတြပါ၊
အစိမ္းေရာင္လက္ဖက္
ဘာမွာမျပဳျပင္ထားျခင္း(အခ်ဥ္ ေဖာက္ျခင္းမရွိတဲ့) လက္ဖက္ စိမ္း ေတြပါ၊
Oolong တရုတ္လက္ဖက္
တခ်ိဳ႕တ၀က္ကိုအခ်ဥ္ေဖာက္ ထားတဲ့လက္ဖက္-တ၀က္ တပ်က္ အခ်ဥ္ေဖာက္ျခင္း၊ အထူးထုတ္လုပ္လ်က္ရွိတာက တရုတ္ျပည္က ဖူက်င္ ႏွင့္ ကြမ္တံုျပည္နယ္ကဘဲထြက္ တာပါ၊
အမဲေရာင္လက္ဖက္
အခ်ဥ္ေဖာက္ျပဳျပင္ထားတဲ့လက္ဖက္- လံုး၀အခ်ဥ္ေထာက္ထားတဲ့လက္ဖက္၊ အိႏိၱယ အမဲေရာင္လက္ဖက္
လို႔သိက်တဲ့ အဓိကထြက္ရွိတဲ့ နာမည္ႀကီးေဒသက ဒါဂ်ီလင္း Darjeeling ႏွင့္ အာဆန္ Assamကပါ၊ လက္ဖက္စိုက္သူေတြ ပ်ိဳးပင္မ်ားေတြကိုရွာရင္ တရုတ္ႏွင့္ အာဆန္ပ်ိဳးပင္ေတြကမွ အေကာင္း ဆံုးျဖစ္တယ္လို႔သိရပါတယ္တဲ့၊ ပ်ိဳးပင္ေတြကို တျခားေဒသကို အိႏိၱယရဲ႕ ျပည္နယ္ေတြျဖစ္တဲ့ နယ္ဂ်ီယီ Nilgiri, ဆက္ကင္ Sikkim သို႔ ဒိုရာ Doar ေတြမွာ တရုတ္အေခၚ အမဲေရာင္လက္ဖက္က္ႏွင့္ အနီေရာင္လက္ဖက္ေတြထြက္ရွိတဲ့ နာမည္ႀကီးတရုတ္ေတြေခၚတဲ့ အနီေရာင္KeeMumလက္ဖက္ေတြ ႏွင့္ ယွဥ္လို႔ရတဲ့ အရသာသိပ္မကြာျခားတဲ့ အိႏိၵယ အမဲေရာင္ Ceylon လက္ဖက္ေတြပါဘဲတဲ့၊ တခ်ိုဳ႕အမဲေရာင္ လက္ဖက္ရဲ႕သင္းပ်ံရနံ႔႔ရွိတဲ့ တခုထဲနာမည္ႀကီးေနတဲ့ Earl Grey ႏွင့္ Lapsang Souchongေတြပါဘဲ၊
Puerh Tea (also known as Pu-erh or Pu’er)
2ႀကိမ္အခ်ဥ္ေဖာက္ျပဳျပင္ထားတဲ့ လက္ဖက္-ဒီလက္ဖက္ဟာ ႏွစ္ၾကာသိုမွီထားတဲ့ လက္ဖက္ကိုျပဳျပင္ ထားပါ၊ မူလအရြက္ပံုသဏၭာန္ရွိမေနေတာ့ဘဲ ပံုသဏၭာန္မ်ိဳးစံုရွိေနတဲ့ Puerh tea ေတြပါ၊ လိုခ်င္တဲ့ အခဲ အတံုး ပံုသဏၭာန္ သြင္းယူလုပ္ထားတဲ့ အတံုးပံုႏွင့္လံုးေထြးထားပံု ႏွင့္ ဆိုဒ္ေပါင္းစံုရွိၿပီး ျပဳျပင္ထားတဲ့ Puerh ႏွင့္ ျပဳျပင္မထားတဲ့ Puerh ဆိုတာရွိပါတယ္၊
Herbal Infusions
ႏွပ္ထားတဲ့ Herbal လက္ဖက္- လက္ဖက္အမႈန္အားလံုးေပါင္းစပ္ထားျပီးႏွပ္ယူထားတဲ့လက္ဖက္ သို႔မဟုတ္ ပန္းပြင္အရြက္ေတြမပါပဲႏွပ္ထားတဲ့ လက္ဖက္ႏွင့္Caffeine ဓာတ္မပါတဲ့လက္ဖက္ေတြပါ၊
ႏွပ္ထားတဲ့ Herbal လက္ဖက္- လက္ဖက္အမႈန္အားလံုးေပါင္းစပ္ထားျပီးႏွပ္ယူထားတဲ့လက္ဖက္ သို႔မဟုတ္ ပန္းပြင္အရြက္ေတြမပါပဲႏွပ္ထားတဲ့ လက္ဖက္ႏွင့္Caffeine ဓာတ္မပါတဲ့လက္ဖက္ေတြပါ၊
လက္ဖက္ေတြအေၾကာင္းေရးထားတဲ့ Webiste ေတြ...
အခုႏုိင္ငံတကာမွာ orginic ဆိုတဲ့ သဘာ၀အတိုင္းလယ္ယာ ထုတ္ကုန္ေတြ ေစ်းႀကီးေပးၿပီး ၀ယ္စား ေနခ်ိန္မွာ အမိျမန္မာမွာ သဘာ၀ထုတ္ကုန္ေတြအမ်ားႀကီး ရွိေနပါေသးတယ္၊ စည္းစနစ္တက်ျဖစ္ဖို႔ေတာ့လိုပါေသးတယ္ထင္ပါတယ္၊
အခုလဲ ေရေႏြးႀကမ္းေတြကိုစြဲစြဲၿမဲၿမဲေသာက္တတ္တဲ့ ျပည္ႀကီးတရုတ္ေတြႏွင့္ ဂ်ပန္ေတြ္မွာ ႏိုင္ငံတကာက ဘူးလွလွေလးေတြႏွင့္ေစ်းေတြကိုၾကည့္လိုက္ရင္ ရင္နာစရာေတာ္ေတာ္ေကာင္းပါတယ္ေလ၊ ျမန္မာလက္ဖက္က Black Tea ဆိုတဲ့Fermented tea ႏွင့္ Oolong Tea အဆင့္ရွိပါတယ္ အေကာင္းဆံုး အဆင့္မွာရွိပါတယ္၊ ဒါေပမဲ့ ကမၻာေရာင္းတန္း၀င္ အဆင့္ေရာက္ဖို႔ႀကိဳးစားရအံုးမွာပါေလ၊ဒါေၾကာင့္ ျမန္မာ့လက္ဖက္ ထြက္ေဒသျဖစ္တဲ့ ကခ်င္၊ခ်င္း၊ရွမ္းျပည္နယ္ႏွင့္ စစ္ကိုင္း၊မႏၲေလးတိုင္းေတြမွာ လက္ဖက္ေတာ္ေတာ္မ်ားမ်ားထြက္ပါတယ္၊
ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံ၏ ျပည္နယ္ႏွင့္ တုိင္းေဒသႀကီး မ်ားရွိ သင့္ေတာ္ေသာ ရာသီဥတုႏွင့္ ေျမဆီလႊာ အေျခအေနေပးႏုိင္သည့္ ေတာင္တန္းထူထပ္ ေသာေဒသမ်ားတြင္ လက္ဖက္ကို စိုက္ပ်ဳိးလ်က္ရွိ ၾကပါတယ္။ လက္ဖက္အရည္အေသြး ျမင့္မားၿပီး အဓိကက်ေသာ ထုတ္လုပ္မႈကို ရွမ္းျပည္နယ္ ေျမာက္ပိုင္းႏွင့္ ေတာင္ပိုင္းေဒသမ်ားတြင္ ေတြ႕ရွိႏုိင္ပါတယ္။ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံတြင္ လက္ဖက္ထြက္ရွိရာ ေဒသမ်ားမွာ ရွမ္းျပည္နယ္၊ ခ်င္းျပည္နယ္၊ ကခ်င္ ျပည္နယ္၊ ကရင္ျပည္နယ္၊ ကယားျပည္နယ္၊ မြန္ ျပည္နယ္၊ မႏၲေလးတုိင္းေဒသႀကီးႏွင့္ စစ္ကုိင္း တုိင္းေဒသႀကီးတို႔ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံတြင္ လက္ဖက္စိုက္ဧက တစ္ သိန္းေလးေသာင္းခန္႔ရွိၿပီး တစ္ႏွစ္ကုိ ပ်မ္းမွ်လက္ ဖက္ရြက္စိမ္း မက္ထရစ္တန္ ရွစ္ေသာင္းခန္႔ ထုတ္ လုပ္ႏုိင္ပါတယ္။ ျပည္တြင္းစားသံုးမႈမွာ တစ္ႏွစ္ကို လက္ဖက္တန္ခ်ိန္ ၄ ေသာင္းခန္႔ရွိၿပီး လူတစ္ဦး ခ်င္းစီရဲ႕ စားသံုးမႈမွာ သုည ဒသမ ၅ ကီလိုဂရမ္ ခန္႔ရွိပါတယ္။ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံမွာလက္ဖက္လုပ္ငန္းကို အဓိကအေနနဲ႔ ၿခံလုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္သူ၊ ထုတ္လုပ္သူ၊ လက္လီလက္ကား ေရာင္း၀ယ္သူမ်ားလို႔ ေလးမ်ဳိး ပိုင္းျခားႏုိင္ပါတယ္။ လုပ္ငန္းေတြမွာ အလတ္စား နဲ႔ အေသးစားလုပ္ငန္းေတြသာျဖစ္ၿပီး မိ႐ိုးဖလာ လုပ္ကိုင္ၾကသူ အမ်ားစုျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ဒါေပမဲ့အခု online က နဂါးပ်ံလက္ဖက္ Website ေလးကို ေတာ့ ျမန္မာက်န္းမားေရးက ဆိုးေဆးကင္းစင္ တဲ့ေထာက္ခံစာကို ေတြ႕ရပါတယ္၊
(၃)burmese tea, in three variations Website ေလးပါ၊
ေနာက္ၿပီး ဒီႏွစ္ထဲမွာ စကၤာပူနာမည္ႀကီးတဲ့ Tea shopေလး အေၾကာင္းပါ..
Cultural thirst drives premium tea boom in China
Tea is becoming a distinctly Chinese way to flaunt wealth and invest savings
On a humid September Saturday, a group of 20- and 30-something professionals gather at a tea house in an industrial building in a now gentrified Hong Kong neighbourhood.
They sniff and sip a type of Oolong tea from tiny, white china cups while making notes on its aroma, body and aftertaste, and consider what food with which to pair it.
Part of a generation that had eschewed tea leaves in favour of the lattés, espressos and frappucinos sold by international chains like Starbucks, young Chinese are rediscovering the country's tea drinking tradition.
And in doing so, they have sparked a boom that is both a cultural and business phenomenon.
China's fascination for tea mirrors the Western captivation with wine
"My parents drink tea like this every day but I seldom do," says Sharon Ho, a 30-year-old who works in accounting, as she sips a cup of Wuyi Dark Rock Oolong tea grown in the mountains in Fujian province in southeastern China.
"Normally I drink coffee, but as Chinese we should know about this."
Prices of rare, high-end Chinese teas - such as Pu Erh, a black, fermented tea that can be aged for up to 100 years, or First Flush Longjin, a freshly picked green tea - have rocketed over the past decade.
The industry has been shaped in ways that parallel the Western captivation with wine, with tea becoming a distinctly Chinese way to flaunt your wealth and invest your savings.
Innovation
Vivian Mak, the tea master who runs the tastings, brews the tea in the traditional way using small fine china tea sets and metal implements on a wooden tray that drains off excess water. But she prides herself on taking an innovative approach to an old industry.
Businesses are taking an innovative approach to an old industry.
Her signature drink is a jasmine blossom-scented green tea she likes to serve in a martini glass. She serves the fragrant and visually arresting beverage as an alternative to wine at corporate events for clients like Goldman Sachs.
"There's not too much water inside, so you can sip while you mingle," she says.
Mak believes different Chinese teas can complement any type of cuisine, be it a nutty, malty Longjing green tea with a Chinese seafood dish, or a stronger Oolong tea to accompany a hearty French casserole. She also like to pair teas with different types of chocolate.
"It's like wine. You serve something more gentle or with more body depending on what you eat. Tea is the same way."
Modern manner
Ricky Szeto, the executive director of Hong Kong herbal tea maker Hung Fook Tong, has also found business success repackaging a traditional product in a manner that catches the attention of younger consumers.
Teas infused with medicinal herbs have long been a popular drink in southern China to help relieve the effects of hot and humid summers and damp winters.
Traditionally sold by the bowlful at corner shops from bronze urns, Mr Szeto says the business was a "sunset industry" by the 1980s, when vendors were hit by sky-rocketing rents.
Herbal teas are common in convenience stores
Herbal teas are common in convenience stores
Today, Hung Fook Tong's bottled drinks feature ingredients like ginseng, chrysanthemum, honey and goji berries, and are stocked at supermarkets and convenience stores across Hong Kong and China.
The company also has 93 stores in Hong Kong and 32 across the border in China that sell freshly made herbal drinks and snacks.
One of Hung Fook Tong's best-selling products is Tortoise Plastron Jelly, a black, slightly bitter concoction made from the underbelly of a tortoise that folk medicine claims is good for the complexion. It is sold in an aluminium bag, like an energy drink.
"People love something traditional, but with the trendy packaging," he says.
Mr Szeto says demand is strong, with sales increasing at 20% a year, and turnover is expected to be around 700m Hong Kong dollars ($90m; £56m) this year.
Foreign interestChina has hundreds of different varieties of tea
Overseas companies have taken note of the boom. In 2010 Starbucks, which opened one outlet in China every four days last year, began selling three types of traditional Chinese tea alongside its myriad coffee-related products.
And Rahul Kale, director of international business at Typhoo Tea, sees opportunity in China for its stable of teas that include specialty brands such as Heath & Heather Infusions and Ridgways as well its namesake mainstream UK brand of black tea.
"The palate is shifting from 100% Chinese teas to something much wider," he says. "And Chinese like foreign brands." But for now, China accounts for only about 1% of Typhoo's sales.
China's large market hasn't spawned a well-established domestic tea chain. According to the China Tea Marketing Association, there are more than 60,000 tea houses scattered across the country, most independently run.
Once a place where average people could relax over a game of cards or mah-jong and pay next to nothing for their fragrant beverage, many tea houses now target affluent businessmen seeking a place to negotiate deals. They pay by the hour for a room plus the tea they drink.
The move upmarket is reflected by the eye-popping prices some types of Chinese tea command. A compressed cake (around 345g) of Pu Erh dating back to the first half of the last century can be sold for up to HK$200,000 (more than $25,000).
Rare Chinese teas command high prices
Sellers charge a premium for leaves picked from older plants, wild trees or particular mountain ranges. Enthusiasts talk about oxidation or fermentation levels, loose-leaf versus pressed, and whether the tea was harvested in the spring or the summer.
Sellers charge a premium for leaves picked from older plants, wild trees or particular mountain ranges. Enthusiasts talk about oxidation or fermentation levels, loose-leaf versus pressed, and whether the tea was harvested in the spring or the summer.
The hype has prompted one entrepreneur in the southwestern province of Sichuan to grow a tea fertilised by panda dung that costs $3,500 for 50 grammes.
However, connoisseurs like Ms Mak in Hong Kong are sceptical of buying tea for investment purposes. There is no empirical way to establish a tea's provenance, so buyers are easily duped.
"It's too speculative," she says. "It doesn't matter whether it's expensive or not, you have to focus on the taste."
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