၁၉၈၂ ျမန္မာႏိူင္ငံသား ဥပေဒ (The 1982 Burmese Nationality Law (Myanmar Version),The Burma Citizenship Law of 1982

၁၉၈၂ ခုႏွစ္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒ

လူဝင္မႈႀကီးႀကပ္ေရးႏွင့္ ျပည္သူ႔အင္အားဝန္ႀကီးဌာနဆိုင္ရာ အက္ဥပေဒႏွင့္ နည္းဥပေဒမ်ား

အမွတ္စဥ္(၁၅) ။ ၁၉၈၂ ခုႏွစ္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒ။

ျမန္မာလူမ်ိဳးတိုင္း ေလ့လာထားသင့္ပါတယ္..

၁၉၈၂ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒ၏ အေရးပါမႈ

ႏိုင္ငံသား ျပႆနာမ်ားကို ၁၉၈၂ ခုႏွစ္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒျဖင့္ ထိေရာက္စြာ စိစစ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ေပးႏိုင္ရန္ အစိုးရအား တုိက္တြန္းေၾကာင္း အဆုိတစ္ရပ္ကို ၿပီးခဲ့သည့္ ေမ ၆ ရက္က က်င္းပသည့္ ျပည္သူ႔လႊတ္ေတာ္ အစည္းအေ၀းတြင္ ရခိုင္အမ်ဳိးသား ပါတီမွ ရေသ့ေတာင္ မဲဆႏၵနယ္ ျပည္သူ႔လႊတ္ေတာ္ ကိုယ္စားလွယ္ ေဒၚခင္ေစာေ၀က တင္သြင္းခဲ့သည္။ ယင္းအဆုိတြင္ “ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသည္ ပထ၀ီ အေနအထားအရ လူဦးေရ ထူထပ္မ်ားျပား ေပါက္ကြဲေနေသာ ႏုိင္ငံမ်ားျဖစ္သည့္ တ႐ုတ္၊ အိႏိၵယ၊ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ ႏိုင္ငံမ်ားႏွင့္ မိုင္ေပါင္းေထာင္ခ်ီ၍ နယ္နိမိတ္ခ်င္း ထိစပ္ေနေသာ ႏိုင္ငံတစ္ခု ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း၊ အဆုိပါ နယ္စပ္ တစ္ေလွ်ာက္တြင္ မ်ားစြာေသာ တုိင္းရင္းသားမ်ားမွာ တစ္ဖက္ႏုိင္ငံတြင္လည္း အမ်ဳိးတူ ႏြယ္၀င္မ်ား ရွိေနၾကသျဖင့္ ကူးလူးသြားလာ ဆက္ဆံမႈမ်ား ရွိေနၾကမည္ ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း၊ အထူးသျဖင့္ တုိင္းရင္းသားမ်ား မဟုတ္သည့္ ျမန္မာ-ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ ေဒသတြင္ ဘဂၤါလီမ်ား၏ တရားမ၀င္ အေျခခ် ေနထုိင္လာမႈေၾကာင့္ ေဒသတြင္း မတည္မၿငိမ္မႈမ်ား ျဖစ္ေပၚလ်က္ရွိေၾကာင္း အထက္ပါ အေျခအေနမ်ားေၾကာင့္ မိမိတုိ႔ႏုိင္ငံ၏ တရားဥပေဒ စိုးမိုးေရး၊ လံုျခံဳေရး၊ အခ်ဳပ္အျခာ အာဏာ တည္တံ့ေရးတုိ႔အတြက္ ႏိုင္ငံသား စိစစ္ေရး လုပ္ငန္းမွာ အလြန္အေရးႀကီးၿပီး အမ်ဳိးသားေရး အက်ဳိးစီးပြားႏွင့္ ဆုိင္သည့္အတြက္ အခ်ိန္ႏွင့္တစ္ေျပးညီ မျဖစ္မေန ေဆာင္ရြက္ရမည့္ လုပ္ငန္းတစ္ရပ္ ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္းကို မီးေမာင္းထုိးျပလ်က္ ရွိေၾကာင္း...” စသည္ျဖင့္ ထည့္သြင္း တုိက္တြန္းခဲ့သည္။ ထို႔ျပင္ ယခင္က ရွိခဲ့ေသာ ၁၉၄၈ ခုႏွစ္ ျပည္ေထာင္စု ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံသားျဖစ္မႈ အက္ဥပေဒမွ အားနည္းခ်က္ မ်ားစြာ ရွိေနခဲ့သျဖင့္ ၁၉၇၄ ခုႏွစ္မွစ၍ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒ (မူၾကမ္း) ကို ေရးဆြဲၿပီး အမ်ားျပည္သူထံ အၾကံဥာဏ္ ေတာင္းခံခဲ့ေၾကာင္း၊ ေနာက္ပိုင္းတြင္ ၁၉၈၂ ခုႏွစ္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒကို ျပ႒ာန္းႏိုင္ခဲ့ၿပီး ၁၉၄၈ ခုႏွစ္ ျပည္ေထာင္စု ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္မႈ အက္ဥပေဒကို ႐ုပ္သိမ္းခဲ့ေၾကာင္း၊ ၁၉၈၂ ခုႏွစ္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒသည္ လက္ရွိအာဏာ သက္၀င္ တည္ရွိေနသည့္ ခိုင္မာေသာ ဥပေဒ တစ္ရပ္ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း အဆုိ တင္သြင္းခဲ့သည္။ အဆုိပါ အဆုိအား လႊတ္ေတာ္ ကိုယ္စားလွယ္ ေျခာက္ဦးက ေထာက္ခံ ေဆြးေႏြးခဲ့ၾကသည္။

သို႔ေသာ္ အစုိးရသစ္ ရက္ ၁၀၀ စီမံခ်က္တြင္ ဦးစားေပး လုပ္ငန္းစဥ္ အျဖစ္ စီစဥ္ထားေသာေၾကာင့္ ၁၉၈၂ ခုႏွစ္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒအရ ႏုိင္ငံသား ျပႆနာမ်ားကို ႏုိင္ငံတစ္၀န္း၌ ယင္းဥပေဒႏွင့္အညီ ထိေရာက္စြာ စိစစ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ေပးရန္ တုိက္တြန္းေၾကာင္း အဆုိအား လႊတ္ေတာ္၌ အတည္ျပဳခဲ့ျခင္း မရွိဘဲ မွတ္တမ္း တင္ျခင္းသာ ျပဳလုပ္ခဲ့သည္။

ထုိ႔ျပင္ အလုပ္သမား၊ လူ၀င္မႈ ႀကီးၾကပ္ေရးႏွင့္ ျပည္သူ႔အင္အား ၀န္ႀကီးဌာန ျပည္ေထာင္စု ၀န္ႀကီး ဦးသိန္းေဆြက “... တုိင္းေဒသႀကီးနဲ႔ ျပည္နယ္အစိုးရ အဖဲြ႕မ်ားနဲ႔ ညိႇႏိႈင္းၿပီးေတာ့မွ တုိင္းေဒသႀကီး၊ ျပည္နယ္ခ႐ိုင္ ၿမိဳ႕နယ္နဲ႔ ရပ္ကြက္ ေက်းရြာအုပ္စု စိစစ္ေရး ေကာ္မတီမ်ားကိုလည္း အဆင့္ဆင့္ ဖြဲ႕စည္းၿပီးေတာ့မွ ေဆာင္ရြက္သြားမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ေဆာင္ရြက္တဲ့ ေနရာမွာလည္း ျပည္သူကို ဗဟိုျပဳၿပီး ေဆာင္ရြက္မွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ပြင့္လင္း ျမင္သာစြာ ေဆာင္ရြက္မွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ဥပေဒနဲ႔အညီ စနစ္တက် နယ္စပ္ ေဒသမ်ား အပါအ၀င္ ႏုိင္ငံတစ္၀န္းလံုးမွာ ေဆာင္ရြက္သြားမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္...” ဟူ၍ ထည့္သြင္း ေျပာၾကားထားသည္။

ယခုအခါတြင္ ၁၉၈၂ ခုႏွစ္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒႏွင့္ အညီ ႏုိင္ငံသား စိစစ္ျခင္း လုပ္ငန္းမ်ား စတင္ လုပ္ေဆာင္ေနၿပီ ျဖစ္သည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ ယင္းသို႔ လုပ္ေဆာင္မႈမ်ားႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္ေသာ ေ၀ဖန္မႈမ်ား၊ ဥပေဒကို ကုိင္တြယ္ အသံုးျပဳ လုပ္ေဆာင္ေနသူ အခ်ဳိ႕၏ လုပ္ေဆာင္မႈမ်ားႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္၍ ယခင္အစိုးရ လက္ထက္မ်ားက ေပၚေပါက္ခဲ့ဖူးေသာ ဥပေဒကို လိုသလို အသံုးျပဳ လုပ္ေဆာင္ခဲ့ျခင္းမ်ားႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္၍ ေ၀ဖန္မႈမ်ား ရွိေနသည္။

ထုိ႔ျပင္ ရွမ္းျပည္နယ္ ေျမာက္ပိုင္း တာမိုးညဲေဒသတြင္ ေနထိုင္သူ အခ်ဳိ႕အား သက္ဆုိင္ရာက မုန္း၀န္း (တ႐ုတ္) လူမ်ဳိးမွ မုန္း၀န္း (ဗမာ) တုိင္းရင္းသား လူမ်ဳိးတစ္မ်ဳိး အျဖစ္ အတည္ျပဳေပးျခင္းႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္၍ ေမးျမန္းမႈမ်ား ေ၀ဖန္မႈမ်ား ထြက္ေပၚခဲ့သည္။ ယင္းကိစၥ အေပၚ အလုပ္သမား၊ လူ၀င္မႈ ႀကီးၾကပ္ေရးႏွင့္ ျပည္သူ႔အင္အား ၀န္ႀကီးဌာန ျပည္ေထာင္စု ၀န္ႀကီး ဦးသိန္းေဆြက မုန္း၀န္းလူမ်ဳိး အမည္ အမ်ဳိးမ်ဳိး ကြဲျပားေနေသာေၾကာင့္ တစ္ေျပးညီ ျဖစ္ေစရန္ ကာယကံရွင္ တစ္ဦးခ်င္းက ဆႏၵျပဳလာပါက မုန္း၀န္း (ဗမာ) ဟု ေရးသြင္းေပးရန္ ခြင့္ျပဳထားေၾကာင္း ေျဖၾကားထားၿပီး၊ တုိင္းရင္းသား လူမ်ဳိးတစ္မ်ဳိး အျဖစ္ တရား၀င္ အတည္ျပဳေပးျခင္း မရွိဟု ေျပာၾကားထားသည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ ယင္းကဲ့သို႔ ႏုိင္ငံသား စိစစ္ေရး ကတ္ျပားမ်ားတြင္ ေရးသြင္းေစျခင္းသည္ ေနာင္တစ္ခ်ိန္တြင္ တုိင္းရင္းသား အသိအမွတ္ျပဳမႈႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္၍ ႐ႈပ္ေထြးမႈမ်ား ရွိလာႏုိင္သည္ကို သတိျပဳသင့္ပါသည္။ ထို႔ျပင္ ယင္းသို႔ ေရးသြင္း ခြင့္ျပဳသူမ်ား အေနျဖင့္ ၁၉၈၂ ခုႏွစ္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒအရ ႏိုင္ငံသား ျဖစ္ထုိက္ျခင္း ရွိ မရွိ လိုအပ္ေသာ ျပန္လည္ စစ္ေဆးမႈမ်ား ျပဳလုပ္သင့္ပါသည္။

သို႔ပါ၍ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံတြင္ မလိုလားအပ္ေသာ ႏုိင္ငံသား ျပႆနာမ်ား ႐ႈပ္ေထြးမႈမ်ား မျဖစ္ေပၚေစေရး အတြက္ အခိုင္အမာ ျပ႒ာန္းထားၿပီးသား ျဖစ္ေသာ ၁၉၈၂ ခုႏွစ္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒျဖင့္ အတိအက် လိုက္နာ လုပ္ေဆာင္ႏုိင္ရန္ အေရးႀကီးပါသည္။ ဥပေဒ အတုိင္း ထိထိေရာက္ေရာက္ မွန္မွန္ကန္ကန္ စိစစ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ႏုိင္ေရးမွာ အေရးပါမည္ျဖစ္ၿပီး ထိုသုိ႔ လုပ္ေဆာင္ရာတြင္ အဂတိ လိုက္စားမႈျဖင့္ ဥပေဒကို လိုရာဆြဲ၍ အလြဲသံုးမႈမ်ား မျဖစ္ေပၚေစေရးမွာ အလုပ္သမား၊ လူ၀င္မႈ ႀကီးၾကပ္ေရးႏွင့္ ျပည္သူ႔ အင္အား၀န္ႀကီးဌာန ျပည္ေထာင္စု ၀န္ႀကီးႏွင့္ သက္ဆုိင္ရာ တာ၀န္ရွိသူ အသီးသီးတြင္ တာ၀န္ရွိမည္ ျဖစ္ပါေၾကာင္း The Daily Eleven သတင္းစာက ေရးသားအပ္ပါသည္။

Ref:http://news-eleven.com/editorials/21178

              The Burma Citizenship Act

The Burma Citizenship Act of 1982 granted citizenship to individuals residing in Burma who could trace their family residency to prior to 1823, that is, the year of the first British military campaign on Myanmar and with it, a wave of immigration from India and China. The law was deeply problematic, as for many families of various ethnic groups, transnational ties were common and there was rarely documentation to prove whether a person had deep roots in Myanmar.

The law was part of a series of actions taken by the nationalist Burmese government meant to shore up Burmese ethnic power. The law created three categories of citizenship: the first category applied to ethnic Burmans and members of the Kachin, Kayah, Karen, Mon, Arakan Buddhists, Shan, and any other ethnic group present in Myanmar prior to 1823 (though they did not include Rohingya Muslims, rendering them stateless), granted them full citizenship.

The second category granted partial “associate” citizenship to the children of mixed marriages where one parents fell into the first category, as well as to individuals who had lived in Myanmar for five consecutive years, or to individuals who lived in Myanmar for eight out of the ten years prior to independence. Associate citizens could earn an income, but could not serve in political office. The third category applied to the offspring of immigrants who arrived in Myanmar during the period of British colonial rule.

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၁၉၈၂ ခုႏွစ္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံသား ဥပေဒ ( 1982 Burmese Nationality Law Myanmar Version) by Than Han on Scribd

  

Burma Citizenship Law of 1982

Burma Citizenship Law promulgated.The Chairman of the Council of State on 15, October promulgated the Burma Citizenship Law which was approved and passed by the third session of the Third Pyithu Hluttaw.

The following is the English translation of the Burma Citizenship Law..

Burma Citizenship Law

(Pyithu Hluttaw Law No. 4 of 1982)

The Pyithu Hluttaw enacts the following Law: 

CONTENTS

Chapter I - Title and Definition

Chapter II - Citizenship

Chapter III - Associate Citizenship

Chapter IV - Naturalized Citizenship

Chapter V - Decision as to Citizenship, Associate Citizenship or Naturalized Citizenship

Chapter VI - Central Body

Chapter VII - Appeals

Chapter VIII - Miscellaneous Chapter I 

Chapter 1

Title and Definition

1. This Law shall be called the Burma citizenship Law.

2. The expressions contained in this Law shall have the following meanings:

(a) "State" means the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma;

(b) "Citizen" means a Burma citizen;

(c) "Associate Citizen" means an associate citizen prescribed by this Law;

(d) "Naturalized Citizen" means a prescribed by this Law;

(e) "Foreigner" means a person who is not a citizen or an associate citizen or a naturalized citizen;

(f) "Certificate of citizenship" means a certificate of citizenship granted under the Union Citizenship (Election) Act, 1948 or the Union Citizenship Act, 1948 or this Law;

(g) "Certificate of Associate Citizenship" means a certificate of associate citizenship granted under this Law;

(h) "Certificate of Naturalized Citizenship" means a certificate of naturalized citizenship granted under this Law;

(i) "Central Body established under this Law.

Chapter II 

Citizenship

3.  Nationals such as the Kachin, Kayah, Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine or Shan and ethnic groups as have settled in any of the territories included within the State as their permanent home from a period anterior to 1185 B.E., 1823 A.D. are Burma citizens.

4. The Council of State may decide whether any ethnic group is national or not.

5.  Every national and every person born of parents, both of whom are nationals are citizens by birth.

6. A person who is already a citizen on the date this Law cones into force is a citizen. Action, however shall be taken under section 18 for infringement of the provision of that section.

7. The following persons born in or outside the State are also citizens:

(a) persons born of parents, both of whom are citizens;

(b) persons born of parents, one of whom is a citizen and the other an associate citizen;

(c) persons born of parents, one of whom and the other a naturalized citizen;

(d) persons born of parents one of whom is

(i) a citizen; or

(ii) an associate citizen; or

(iii) a naturalized citizen;

and the other is born of parents, both of whom are associate citizens;

(e) persons born of parents, one of whom is

(i) a citizen; or

(ii) an associate citizen; or

(iii) a naturalized citizen;

and the other is born of parents, both of whom are naturalized citizens;

(f) persons born of parents one of whom is

(i) a citizen; or

(ii) an associate citizen; or

(iii) a naturalized citizen;

and the other is born of parents, one of whom is an associate citizen and the other a naturalized citizen.

8. (a) The Council of State may, in the interest of the State confer on any person citizenship or associate citizenship or naturalized citizenship.

    (b) The Council of State may, in the interest of the State revoke the citizenship or associate citizenship or naturalized citizenship of any person except a citizen by birth.

9. A person born in the State shall have his birth registered either by the parent or guardian in the prescribed manner, within year from the date he completes the age of ten years, at the organizations prescribed by the ministry of Home Affairs

Proviso. If registration is not possible within one year from the date he completes the age of ten years, application may be made by the parent or guardian, furnishing sufficient reasons to the organizations prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

10 A person born outside the State shall have his birth registered either by the parent or guardian in the proscribed manner within one year from the date of birth at the Burmese Embassy or Consulate or organizations prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

Proviso. If registration is not possible within one year from the date of birth, application may be made by the parent or guardian, furnishing sufficient reasons to the Central Body through the Burmese Embassy or Consulate or organizations prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

11. (a) A parent or guardian who fails to comply with section 9 or section 10 shall be liable to pay a penalty of kyats fifty per year to the Burmese Embassy or Consulate or an organization prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

      (b) A parent or guardian who fails for five years in succession to comply with section 9 or section 10 shall be liable to a penalty of kyats one thousand.

12. A citizen shall

(a) respect and abide by the laws of the State;

(b)discharge the duties prescribed by the laws of the State

(c)be entitled to enjoy the rights prescribed by the laws of the State.

13. A citizen shall not as well acquire the citizenship of another country.

14. A citizen shall have no right to divest himself of his citizenship during any war in which the State is engaged.

15.  (a) A citizen shall not automatically lose his citizenship merely by marriage to a foreigner.

      (b) A foreigner shall not automatically acquire citizenship merely by marriage to a citizen.

16. A citizen who leaves the State permanently, or who acquires the citizenship of or registers himself as a citizen of another country, or who takes out a passport or a similar certificate of another country ceases to be a citizen.

17. The citizenship of a citizen by birth shall in no case be revoked except in the case of cessation of citizenship due to infringement of the provision of section 16.

18. A citizen who has acquired citizenship by making a false representation or by concealment shall have his citizenship revoked, and shall also be liable to imprisonment for a term of ton years and to a fine of kyats fifty thousand.

19. A citizen who has committed abetment of obtaining, in a fraudulent manner, a certificate of citizenship or a certificate of associate citizenship or a certificate of naturalized citizenship for another person shall be liable to imprisonment for a term of seven years and to a fine of kyats ten thousand.

20. (a) The certificate of citizenship of a person whose citizenship has ceased or has been revoked shall be cancelled. A person holding such a cancelled certificate shall surrender it in the manner prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

      (b) Failure to surrender a cancelled certificate of citizenship or continued use of it or transfer of it in a fraudulent manner to another person shall entail imprisonment for a term of ten years and a fine of kyats twenty thousand.

     (c) Whoever holds and uses a cancelled certificate of citizenship or the certificate of a deceased citizen shall be liable to imprisonment for a term of ten years and to a fine of kyats twenty thousand.

21.  Whoever forges a certificate of citizenship or abets such act shall be liable to imprisonment for a term of fifteen years to a fine of kyats fifty thousand.

22. A person whose citizenship has ceased or has been revoked shall have no right to apply again for citizenship or associate citizenship or naturalized citizenship.

Chapter III 

Associate Citizenship

23. Applicants for citizenship under the Union Citizenship Act, 1948, conforming to the stipulations and qualifications may be determined as associate citizens by the Central Body.

24. A person who has been determined is an associate citizen by the Central Body shall appear in person before an organization prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs, and shall make an affirmation in writing that he owes allegiance to the State, that, he will respect and abide by the laws of the State and that he is aware of the prescribed duties and rights.

25. The Central Body may include in the certificate of associate citizenship the names of children mentioned in the application. The child whose name is so included is an associate citizen.

26. The child whose name is included under section 25, and who has completed the age of eighteen years shall make an affirmation in accordance with section 24, along with the parents.

27. (a) The child whose name is included under section 25 and who has not completed the age of eighteen years shall, within one year from the date he completes the age of eighteen years appear in person before an organization prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs and make an affirmation in accordance with section 24.

      (b) A person who fails to comply with sub-section (a) shall be liable to pay a penalty of kyats fifty per year to an organization prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

28. If affirmation is not possible within one year, application may be made, furnishing sufficient reasons to the Central Body, through the organizations prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs. If there are no sufficient reasons after the date on which he completes the age of twenty-two years, he shall lose his associate citizenship.

29. (a) When both the parents, of the children included in their certificate of associate of associate citizenship, lose their associate citizenship, the child who has not completed the age of eighteen years, and the child who has completed the age of eighteen years, but has not made an affirmation cease to be associate citizens.

     (b) Where one of the parents, of the children included in the certificate hold by her or him, is an associate citizen and the other a foreigner, and if the mother or father who is an associate citizen loses her or his associate citizenship the child who has not completed the age of eighteen years, and the child who has completed the age of eighteen years, but has not made an affirmation cease to be associate citizens.

30. An associate citizen shall

(a) respect and abide by the laws of the State;

(b) discharge the duties prescribed by the laws of the State;

(c) be entitled to enjoy the rights of a citizen under the laws of the State, with the exception of the rights stipulated from time to time by, the Council of State.

31. An associate citizen shall not as well acquire the citizenship of another country.

32. An associate citizen shall have no right to divest himself of his associate citizenship during any war in which the State is engaged.

 33. An associate citizen shall not automatically acquire citizenship merely by marriage to a citizen.

34. An associate citizen who leaves the State permanently or, who acquires the citizenship of or registers himself as a citizen of another country, or who takes out a passport or a similar certificate of another country ceases to be an associate citizen.

35. The Central Body may revoke the associate citizenship of a person if he infringes any of the following provisions:

(a) trading or communicating with enemy countries or with countries assisting the enemy country, or with citizens or organizations of such countries during a war in which the State is engaged or abetting such an act;

(b) trading or communicating with an organization or with a member of such organization which is hostile to the State, or abetting such an act;

(c) committing an act likely to endanger the sovereignty and security of the State or public peace and tranquillity or giving rise to the reasonable belief that he is about to commit such an act;

(d) showing disaffection or disloyalty to the State by any act or speech or otherwise;

(e) giving information relating to a state secret to any person, or to any organization, or to any other country or countries,, or abetting such an act;

(f) committing an offence involving moral turpitude for which he has been sentenced to imprisonment for a minimum term of one year or to a minimum fine of kyats one thousand.

36. An associate citizen who has acquired such citizenship by making a false representation or by concealment shall have his associate citizenship revoked, and shall also be liable to imprisonment for a term of ten years and to a fine of kyats fifty thousand.

37. An associate citizen who has committed abetment of obtaining in a fraudulent manners a certificate of citizenship or a certificate of associate citizenship or a certificate of naturalized citizenship for another person shall have his associate citizenship revoked; and shall also be liable to imprisonment for a term of seven years and to a fine of kyats ton thousand.

38. An associate citizen who has personal knowledge of an offence committed by any person under section 36 or section 37, or as an accomplice who has committed such an act, discloses or admits the offence before organizations prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs within one year from the date this Law comes into force, or within one year from the date of commission of the offence shall be exempted from the penal provisions relating to such offence.

39. (a) The certificate of associate citizenship of a person whose associate citizenship has ceased or has been revoked shall be cancelled. A person holding such a cancelled certificate shall surrender it in the manner prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

     (b) Failure to surrender a cancelled certificate of associate citizenship or continued use of it or transfer of it in a fraudulent manner to another person shall entail imprisonment for a term of ten years and a fine of kyats twenty thousand.

      (c) Whoever holds and uses a cancelled certificate of associate citizenship or the certificate of a deceased associate citizen shall be liable to imprisonment for a term of ten years and to a fine of kyats twenty thousand.

40. Whoever forges a certificate of associate citizenship or abets such act shall be liable to imprisonment for a term of fifteen years and to a fine of kyats fifty thousand.

41. A person whose associate citizenship has ceased or has been revoked shall have no right to apply again for associate citizenship or naturalized citizenship.

Chapter IV  

Naturalized Citizenship

 42. Persons who have entered and resided in the State anterior to 4th January, 1948, and their offsprings born Within the State may, if they have not yet applied under the union Citizenship Act, 1948, apply for naturalized citizenship to the Central Body, furnishing conclusive evidence.

43. The following persons born in or outside the State from the date this Law comes into force may also apply for naturalized citizenship:

(a) persons born of Parents one of whom is a citizen and the other a foreigner;

(b) persons barn of parents, one of whom is an associate citizen and the other a naturalized citizen;

(c) persons born of parents one of whom is an associate citizen and the other a foreigner;

(d) persons born of parents, both of whom are naturalized citizens;

(e) persons born of parents, one of whom is a naturalized citizen and the other a foreigner.

44. An applicant for naturalized citizenship shall have the following qualifications:

(a) be a person who conforms to the provisions of section 42 or section 43;

(b) have completed the age of eighteen years;

(c) be able to speak well one of the national languages;

(d) be of good character;

(e) be of sound mind.

45. A person married to a citizen or to an associate citizen or to a naturalized citizen, who is holding a Foreigner's Registration Certificate anterior to the date this Law comes into force shall have the following qualifications to apply for naturalized citizenship:

(a) have completed the age of eighteen years;

(b) be of good character;

(c) be of sound mind;

(d) be the only husband or wife;

(e) have resided continuously in the State for at least three years is the lawful wife or husband.

46.  (a) A person who has been determined as a naturalized citizen by the Central Body shall appear in person before an organization prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs, and shall make an affirmation in writing that he owes allegiance to the State, that he will respect and abide by the laws of the State and that he is aware of the prescribed duties and rights.

      (b) A person who has been determined as a naturalized citizen by the Central Body and holding a Foreigner's Registration Certificate shall appear in person before an organization prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs, and shall make an affirmation in writing that he renounces his foreign citizenship, that he owes allegiance to the State, that ha will respect and abide by the laws of the State and that he is aware of the prescribed duties and rights.

47. The Central Body may include in the certificate of naturalized citizenship the name of a child mentioned in the application. The child whose name is so included is a naturalized citizen.

48. The child whose name is included under section 47, and who has completed the age of eighteen years shall make an affirmation in accordance with sub-section (a) of section 46, along with the parents.

49. (a) The child whose name is included under section 47, and who has not completed the age of eighteen years shall, with in one year from the date on which he completes the age of eighteen years appear in person before an organization prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs and make an affirmation in accordance with sub-section (a) of section 46.

     (b) A person who fails to comply with sub-section (a) shall be liable to pay a penalty of kyats fifty per year to an organization prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

50. If affirmation is not possible within one year, application may be made, furnishing sufficient reasons to the Central Body, through the organizations prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs. If there are no sufficient reasons after the date on which he completes the age of twenty-two years, he shall lose his naturalized citizenship.

51. (a) When both the parents, of the children included in their certificate of naturalized citizenship, lose their naturalized citizenship the child who has not completed the age of eighteen years, and the child who has completed the age of eighteen years, but has not made an affirmation cease to be naturalized citizens.

      (b) Where one of the parents of the children included in the certificate held by her or him, is a citizen and the other a foreigner, and if the mother or father who is a citizen loses her or his citizenship, the child who has not completed the age of eighteen years and the child who has completed the age of eighteen years, but has not made an affirmation cease to be naturalized citizen.

      (c) There one of the parents, of the children included in the certificate hold by her or him, is an associate citizen and the other a foreigner, and if the mother or father who is associate citizen loses her or his associate citizenship, the child who has not completed the age of eighteen years, and the child who has completed the age of eighteen years, but has not made in affirmation cease to be naturalized citizens.

     (d) Where one of the parents, of the children included in the certificate held by her or him, is a naturalized citizen and the other a foreigner, and if the mother or father who is a naturalized citizen loses her or his naturalized citizenship, the child who has not completed the age of eighteen years, and the child who has completed the age of eighteen years, but has not made an affirmation cease to be naturalized citizens.

52. If a person married to a citizen or to an associate citizen or to a naturalized citizen, who is holding a Foreigner's Registration Certificate anterior to the date this Law comes into force applies for naturalized citizenship and the husband or wife of such a person dies or is divorced from such a person before acquiring naturalized citizenship, the application for naturalized citizenship of such a person shall lapse.

53. A naturalized citizen shall

(a) respect and abide by the laws of the State;

(b) discharge the duties prescribed by the laws of the State;

(c) be entitled to enjoy the rights of a citizen under the laws of the State with the exception of the rights stipulated from time to time by the Council of State.

54. A naturalized citizen shall not as well acquire the citizenship of another country.

55. A naturalized citizen shall have no right to divest himself of his naturalized citizenship during any war in which the State is engaged.

56. A naturalized citizen shall not Automatically acquire citizenship or associate citizenship merely by marriage to a citizen or to an associate citizen.

57. A naturalized citizen who leaves the State permanently, or who acquires the citizenship of or registers himself as a citizen of another country, or who takes out a passport or a similar certificate of another country ceases to be a naturalized citizen.

58. The Central Body may revoke the naturalized citizenship of a person if he infringes any of the following provisions:

(a) trading or communicating with enemy countries Or with countries assisting the enemy country, or with citizens or organizations of such countries during a war in which the State is engaged, or abetting such an act;

(b) trading or communicating with an organization or with a member of such organization which is hostile to the State, or abetting such an act;

(c) committing an act likely to endanger the sovereignty and security of the State or Public peace and tranquillity or giving rise to the reasonable belief that he is about to commit such an act;

(d) showing disaffection or disloyalty to the State by any act or speech or otherwise;

(e) giving information relating to a State secret to any person, or to any organization, or to any other country or countries, or abetting such an act;

(f) committing an offence involving moral turpitude for which he has been sentenced to imprisonment for a minimum term of one year or to a minimum fine of kyats one thousand.

59. A naturalized citizen who has acquired such citizenship by making a false representation or by concealment shall have his naturalized citizenship revoked, and shall also be liable to imprisonment for a term of ten years and to a fine of kyats fifty thousand.

60. A naturalized citizen who has committed abetment of obtaining in a fraudulent manner, a certificate of citizenship or a certificate of associate citizenship or a certificate of naturalized citizenship for another person shall have his naturalized citizenship revoked, and shall also be liable to imprisonment for a term of seven years and to a fine of kyats ten thousand.

61.  A naturalized citizen who has personal knowledge of an offence committed by any person under section 59 or section 60, or as an accomplice who has committed such an act, discloses or admits the offence before organizations prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs within one year from the date this Law comes into force, or within one year from the date of commission of the offence shall be exempted from the penal provisions relating to such offence.

62. (a) The certificate of naturalized citizenship of a person, whose naturalized citizenship has ceased or has been revoked, shall be cancelled. A person holding such a cancelled certificate shall surrender it in the manner prescribed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

      (b) Failure to surrender a cancelled certificate of naturalized citizenship or continued use of it or transfer of it, in a fraudulent manner, to another person shall entail imprisonment for a term of ten years and a fine of kyats twenty thousand.

      (c) Whoever holds and uses a cancelled certificate of naturalized citizenship or the certificate of a deceased naturalilzed citizen shall be liable to imprisonment for a term of ten years and to a fine of kyats twenty thousand.

63. Whoever forges a certificate of naturalized citizenship or abets such act shall be liable to imprisoment for a term of fifteen years and to a fine of kyats fifty thousand.

64. A person whose naturalized citizenship has ceased or has been revoked shall have no right to apply again for naturalized citizenship.

Chapter V  

Decision as to Citizenship, Associate Citizenship or Naturalized Citizenship

65. Any person may apply to the Central Body when it is necessary for a decision as to his citizenship, associate citizenship or naturalized citizenship.

66. The Central Body shall

(a) permit the applicant the submission of application with supporting evidence;

(b) decide in accordance with law;

(c) inform its decision to the applicant.

Chapter VI 

Central Body

67. The Council of Ministers shall form the Central Body as follows:

(a) Minister Chairman Ministry of Home Affairs

(b) Minister Member Ministry of Defence

(c) Minister Member Ministry of Foreign Affairs

68. The Central Body has the authority:

(a) to decide if a person is a citizen, or an associate citizen or a naturalized citizen;

(b) to decide upon an application for associate citizenship or naturalized citizenship;

(c) to terminate citizenship or associate citizenship or naturalized citizenship;

(d) to revoke citizenship or associate citizenship or naturalized citizenship;

(e) to decide upon an application regarding failure as to registration or affirmation.

69. The Central Body shall give the right of defence to a person against whom action is taken.

Chapter VII 

Appeals

70. (a) A person dissatisfied with the decision of the Central Body may appeal to the Council of Ministers in accordance with the procedure laid down.

      (b) The decision of the Council of Ministers is final.

71. Organizations conferred with authority under this Law shall give no reasons in matters carried out under this Law. 

Chapter VIII  

Miscellaneous

72. Except under any of the provisions of this Law, no foreigner shall have the right to apply for naturalized citizenship from the date this Law comes into force.

73. A foreigner who is adopted by a citizen or by an associate citizen or by a naturalized citizen shall not acquire citizenship or associate citizenship or naturalized citizenship.

74. Except on penal matters, all matters relating to this Law shall be decided by the only organizations which are conferred with authority to do so.

75. The Council of Ministers, shall, for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Law, lay down necessary procedures with the approval of the Council of State.

76. The following Acts are repealed by this Law:

(a) The Union Citizenship (Election) Act, 1948;

(b) The Union Citizenship Act, 1

[This text is derived from/checked against the version published in the official "Working People's Daily" of 16 October 1982 and the version on the UNHCR website.]

The Burma Citizenship Act 1982 by Than Han on Scribd

ျမန္မာ ျပည္မွာ ေငြက်ပ္ ၁ ေသာင္းတန္ အတုုေတြ ေတာ္ေတာ္မ်ားမ်ာထြက္ေနၿပီ..သတိထားက်ပါ...

ကေမာၻဇ ဘဏ္ကို Red Dotစက္ထဲ ေငြသြားထည့္ေတာ့တစ္ေသာင္းတန္ ၅ ရြက္ေပးတာ ဝန္ထမ္းတစ္ေယာက္က...

" အမ တစ္ေသာင္းတန္ တစ္ရြက္ အတု ပါလာတယ္ "

ဆိုေတာ့လန္ ့သြားတယ္ အဲ႔ဒါနဲ႔...

" အမ မသိလိုက္ဘူး အလွျပင္ဆိုင္ ဆိုေတာ့ လူစံုေတာ့ေသခ်ာလဲ မျကည့္မိဘဲ ယူလိုက္ရတာေတြရွိတယ္ပီးေတာ့ ခြဲလဲ မခြဲတတ္ေတာ့ ဘယ္လို ခြဲရတာလဲေျပာျပပါဦး " လို ့ေမးလိုက္တာ...

(1) အတု = စာရြက္သား နဲနဲႏုတယ္

     အစစ္ = စာရြက္သားေတာင့္တယ္

(2) အတု = ေငြစကၠဴ ကို ေစာင္းျကည့္ရင္ ေရာင္ျပန္ျကိုးကပန္းေရာင္ပဲ ျပတယ္

    အစစ္ = ေငြစကၠဴ ကို ေစာင္းျကည့္ရင္ ရာင္ျပန္ျကိုးကပန္းေရာင္ +အစိမ္း ႏွစ္ေရာင္ ေျပးေနတယ္

(3) အတု = ဂဏန္းေတြပါတဲ႔ အနီေရာင္ စာတန္းကထင္ရွားလြန္းေနတယ္

     အစစ္ = ဂဏန္းေတြပါတဲ႔ အနီေရာင္ စာတန္းကေငြစကၠဴ နဲ႔တစ္သားတည္း ျဖစ္ေနတယ္

သူငယ္ခ်င္းတို ့ ခြဲျခားသိေအာင္ ေသခ်ာေရးေပးလိုက္ပါတယ္ေနာ္...

ဘဏ္ကေတာ့ အတုကို ဒီတိုင္းျပန္ေပးလို ့မရလို ့ဆိုပီးမွင္နီ ျခစ္ေပးလိုက္တယ္...

Ref;Thazin Saung Oo

ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြစည္းမ်ဥ္းသတ္မွတ္ခ်က္ အက္ဥပေဒ( Foreign Exchange Regulation Act)

 ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြစည္းမ်ဥ္းသတ္မွတ္ခ်က္ အက္ဥပေဒ

(၁) ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြစည္းမ်ဥ္းသတ္မွတ္ခ်က္အက္ဥပေဒအရ ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြအုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးမွဴး ( Controller of Foreign Exchange ) ၏ ႀကိဳတင္ခြင့္ျပဳ ခ်က္မရွိဘဲ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံအတြင္းေနထုိင္သူ မည္သူမဆုိ ျပည္တြင္းတြင္ ျဖစ္ေစ၊ ျပည္ပတြင္ျဖစ္ေစ မည္သူႏွင့္မွ် ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြ၀ယ္ယူျခင္း၊ ေရာင္းခ် ျခင္း၊ ေခ်းယူျခင္း၊ ေခတၲေပးျခင္း၊ လႊဲေျပာင္းျခင္းႏွင့္ လဲလွယ္ျခင္းမျပဳလုပ္ရ။

(၂) မည္သူမဆုိ ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြလုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကုိင္ရာတြင္ ဗဟိုဘဏ္မွ သတ္မွတ္ထားေသာ ႏုိင္ငံျခားေငြ လဲလွယ္ႏွဳန္းမ်ား ကိုသာ အသုံးျပဳရမည္။

(၃) ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြအုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးမွဴးက ခြင့္ျပဳလုိက္ေသာ ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြကုိသုံးစြဲရန္ အေၾကာင္းကိစၥအတြက္ သာ လွ်င္သုံးစြဲရမည္။ ထုိသုိ႕သုံးစြဲျခင္း မျပဳႏုိင္ပါက ရယူထားေသာ ႏုိင္ငံျခားေငြကုိ လုိင္စင္ရဘဏ္သုိ႕ ျပန္လည္ ေပးအပ္ေရာင္းခ်ရမည္။

(၄) ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြအုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးမွဴး၏ ခြင့္ျပဳခ်က္မရရွိဘဲ၊ မည္သူမဆုိ ျမန္မာျပည္အတြင္းမည္သည့္ ေရႊ ႏွင့္ ျမန္မာက်ပ္ေငြ (သုိ႕မဟုတ္) ႏုိင္ငံျခားေငြေၾကး မ်ားကုိ ျပည္ပမွ ယူေဆာင္လာျခင္း၊ တင္သြင္းျခင္း မျပဳလုပ္ရ။

(၅) ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြအုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးမွဴး၏ ခြင့္ျပဳခ်က္မရရွိဘဲ၊ မည္သူမဆုိ ျမန္မာျပည္မွ မည္သည့္ ေရႊ၊ အဘုိးတန္ ေက်ာက္မ်က္ရတနာ လက္၀တ္လက္စားႏွင့္ ျမန္မာက်ပ္ေငြ (သုိ႕မဟုတ္) ႏုိင္ငံျခားေငြကုိ ျပည္ပသုိ႕ ယူေဆာင္သြားျခင္း၊ ထုတ္ယူေပးျခင္း မျပဳလုပ္ရ။

(၆) မည္သူမဆုိ ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြအုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးမွဴး၏ ခြင့္ျပဳခ်က္မရရွိဘဲ၊ အာမခံစာခ်ဳပ္မ်ားကုိ ျပည္ပသုိ႕ ယူေဆာင္ျခင္း၊ ေပးပုိ႕ျခင္း (သုိ႕မဟုတ္) အာမခံစာ ခ်ဳပ္မ်ားကုိ ျပည္ပတြင္ေနထုိင္သူ တစ္ဦးဦးအား မည္သုိ႕မွ်လႊဲေျပာင္းေပးပုိ႕ျခင္းမ်ိဳး မျပဳလုပ္ရ။

(၇) ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံတြင္ေနထုိင္သူ မည္သူမဆုိ (TRUST) ဖြဲ႕စည္း၍ ျပည္ပတြင္ေနထုိင္သူ တစ္ဦးဦးအား ေငြမ်ား၊ အာမခံစာခ်ဳပ္မ်ား၊ ပစၥည္းမ်ား (TRUST) မ်ားကုိိ လႊဲေျပာင္းေပးျခင္း မျပဳရ။

(၈) ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံတြင္ေနထုိင္သူ မည္သူမဆုိ ႏုိင္ငံျခားသုံးေငြအုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးမွဴး၏ ခြင့္ျပဳခ်က္မရရွိဘဲ ျပည္ပတြင္ ေနထုိင္သူမ်ားက တုိက္ရုိက္ျဖစ္ေစ၊ သြယ္၀ိုက္ ၍ ျဖစ္ေစ အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ထားေသာ ကုမၸဏီမ်ားအား ေငြေခ်းငွားျခင္း မျပဳလုပ္ရ။

(၉) ဤဥပေဒပါပုဒ္မတစ္ခုခုကုိ ခ်ိဳးေဖာက္သူ မည္သူမဆုိအား ေထာင္ဒဏ္ (၃) ႏွစ္ အထိ က်ခံေစႏုိင္သည့္ အျပင္၊ ေငြဒဏ္ကုိပါ တပ္ရုိက္ေစႏုိင္ပါသည္။

Foreign Exchange Regulation Act

1.Except with the previous permission of the Controller, no person other than an authorized dealer shall in Myanmar, and no person resident in Myanmar other than an authorized dealer shall outside Myanmar, buy or borrow from or sell or lend to or transfer to or exchange with, any person not being an authorized dealer, any foreign exchange.

2.No person shall have dealings in foreign exchange at rates of exchange other than the rates for the time being authorized by the Central Bank of Myanmar.

3.Where any foreign exchange is acquired by any person other than an authorized dealer for any particular purpose, or where any person has been permitted conditionally to acquire foreign exchange, the said person shall not use the foreign exchange so acquired otherwise than for that purpose or, as the case may be, where any foreign exchange so acquired cannot be so used, the said person shall without delay sell or offer to sell the foreign exchange to an authorized dealer.

4.No persons shall, except with the general or special permission of the Controller bring or send into Myanmar any currency notes or bank notes or coin whether Myanmar or foreign.

5.No person shall, except with the general or special permission of the Controller or the written permission of a person authorized in this behalf by the Controller, take or send out of Myanmar any gold, jewellery or precious stones, or any currency or foreign exchange .

6.No person shall, except with the general or special permission of the Controller take or send any security to any place outside Myanmar.

7.Except with the general or special permission of the Controller, no person resident in Myanmar shall settle any property, otherwise than by will, upon any trust under which a person who, at the time of settlement, is resident outside Myanmar.

8.Except with the general or special permission of the Controller, no person resident in Myanmar shall lend any money either to any company which is controlled by persons resident outside Myanmar.

9.Whoever contravenes any of the provisions of this Act or any rule, direction or order made thereunder shall be punishable, with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years, and shall also be liable to fine.

http://www.cbm.gov.mm/sites/default/files/foreign_exchange_management_law_final_21-8-2012__0.pdf

Fem Regulations Website Final Version 29-9-2014 -5 Myan by Than Han on Scribd

နိုင္ငံျခားသံုးေငြစီမံခန့္ခြဲမႈ ဥပေဒပါ ျပ႒ဌာန္းခ်က္မ်ား (Foreign Exchange Management Regulation)

Foreign Exchange Management Regulation

၂၀၁၂ ခုနွစ္ ျသဂုတ္လ ၁၀ ရက္ေန့တြင္ ျပ႒ဌာန္းခဲ့သည့္ နိုင္ငံျခားသံုးေငြစီမံခန့္ခြဲမႈ ဥပေဒပါ ျပ႒ဌာန္းခ်က္မ်ားကို အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ေဆာင္ရြက္ရန္၊

 နိုင္ငံျခားသံုးေငြလုပ္ငန္းက႑ဍဖြံ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေစရန္၊ နိုင္ငံျခားေငြလဲလွယ္နႈန္း တည္ျငိမ္မႈရရွိရန္နွင့္ နိုင္ငံျခားသံုးေငြ စီမံခန့္ခြဲမႈကို ပိုမိုေကာင္းမြန္ေစရန္ ရည္ရြယ္၍ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္ဗဟိုဘဏ္သည္ နိုင္ငံျခားသံုးေငြ စီမံခန့္ခြဲမႈ စည္းမ်ဉ္းကို ၃၀-၉-၂၀၁၄ ရက္ေန့တြင္ ထုတ္ျပန္လိုက္သည္။ 

Foreign Exchange Management Law Final 21-8-2012 0 by Than Han on Scribd

Money Laundering act: ေငြေျကးခဝါခ်မႈနွင့္ အျကမ္းဖက္သမားမ်ားအားေငြေျကးေထာက္ပံ့ျခင္း တိုက္ဖ်က္ေရးနွင့္ပတ္သက္၍ စည္းမ်ဉ္းစည္းကမ္းမ်ားခ်မွတ္ျခင္း

ေငြေျကးခဝါခ်မႈနွင့္ အျကမ္းဖက္သမားမ်ားအားေငြေျကးေထာက္ပံ့ျခင္း တိုက္ဖ်က္ေရးနွင့္ပတ္သက္၍ စည္းမ်ဉ္းစည္းကမ္းမ်ားခ်မွတ္ျခင္း

ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္ဗဟိုဘဏ္သည္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၏ ေငြေျကးခဝါခ်မႈတိုက္ဖ်က္ေရးအစီအစဉ္အားအေကာင္အထည္ ေဖာ္ရာ၌ ေငြေရးေျကးေရးစနစ္အား ေငြေျကးခဝါခ်မႈနွင့္ဆက္စပ္သည့္ ျပစ္မႈဆိုင္ရာက်ူးလြန္မႈမ်ားအတြက္ အသံုးျပုျခင္း မရွိေစရန္အတြက္ ကာကြယ္တိုက္ဖ်က္မႈတြင္ အေရးပါေသာအခန္းက႑ဍမွ ပါဝင္ေဆာင္ရြက္လ်က္ရွိပါသည္။

ထို့ေျကာင့္ ၂၀ဝ၂ ခုနွစ္တြင္ ျပဌာန္းခဲ့သည့္ တရားမဝင္ေသာ နည္းလမ္းျဖင့္ရရွိသည့္ ေငြေျကးနွင့္ပစၥည္းမ်ားထိန္းခ်ုပ္ေရးဥပေဒကို ထိေရာက္စြာလိုက္နာက်င့္သံုးရန္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္ဗဟိုဘဏ္သည္ AML/CFT ဆိုင္ရာလမ္းညွြန္ခ်က္မ်ားနွင့္ညွြန္ျကားခ်က္မ်ား ထုတ္ျပန္ခဲ့ပါသည္။

ယင္း AML/CFT ဆိုင္ရာ စည္းမ်ဉ္းစည္းကမ္းမ်ားတြင္ ေဖာက္သည္၏ သတင္းအခ်က္အလက္မ်ားအား ဝီရိယျပုရယူစိစစ္ျခင္း၊ သတင္းအခ်က္အလက္အား မွတ္တမ္းတင္ထိန္းသိမ္းထားရွိျခင္း၊ သတ္မွတ္ထားေသာ ပမာဏထက္ မေက်ာ္လြန္ေသာ္လည္း သံသယျဖစ္ဖြယ္ရွိေသာေငြေျကးလွြဲေျပာင္းမႈမ်ား(STR) နွင့္ သတ္မွတ္ထားေသာပမာဏထက္ ေက်ာ္လြန္ေသာ ေငြေျကးလွြဲေျပာင္းမႈမ်ား(CTR) အား သတင္းေပးပို့ရန္ သတ္မွတ္ခ်က္တို့ပါဝင္ပါသည္။ ထုတ္ျပန္ခဲ့ျပီးေသာ AML/CFT ဆိုင္ရာ စည္းမ်ဉ္းစည္းကမ္း မ်ားကို ေအာက္ပါဇယားတြင္ ေဖာ္ျပထားပါသည္-

AML:CFT Reculation by Than Han on Scribd

....

၂၀၁၆ ခုႏွစ္အခြန္အေကာက္ဥပေဒအသစ္၀င္ေငြခြန္စည္းၾကပ္ရန္ ၀င္ေငြခြန္နႈန္းထားအသစ္- 

- ၁ က်ပ္ မွ သိန္း ၂၀ အထိ  ၀ ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္း၊ 

- က်ပ္ သိန္း၂၀ တက်ပ္ မွ သိန္း ၅၀ အထိ ၅ ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္း၊ 

- က်ပ္ သိန္း၅၀ တက်ပ္ မွ သိန္း ၁,၀၀ အထိ ၁၀ ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္း၊ 

- က်ပ္ သိန္း၁၀၀ တက်ပ္ မွ သိန္း ၂,၀၀အထိ ၁၅ ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္း၊ 

- က်ပ္ သိန္း၂,၀၀၀ တက်ပ္ မွ သိန္း ၃,၀၀၀ က်ပ္အထိ  ၂၀ ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္း

- က်ပ္သိန္း ၃,၀၀၀ တက်ပ္ ႏွင့္အထက္ ၀င္ေငြမ်ားအတြက္ ၂၅ ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္း 

သတ္မွတ္ကာ ျပည္ေထာင္စု လႊတ္ေတာ္က အတည္ျပဳခဲ့သည္။

၂၀၁၆ ၀င္ေငြခြန္ေဆာင္ခို္င္းထားတာ အနည္းဆံုး ၅%,၁၀%,၁၅%,၂၀% တဆင့္တက္တိုင္း ၅%ႏႈန္းဗ်! 

၀င္ေငြရလမ္း ေဖာ္ျပႏိုင္ျခင္း မရွိသည့္ ၀င္ေငြခြန္နႈန္းထားအသစ္မ်ားအတြက္ - 

- ၁ က်ပ္မွ က်ပ္သိန္း ၃၀၀ အထိ ၁၅ ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္း၊ 

- က်ပ္သိန္း ၃၀၀ တက်ပ္ မွ သိန္း ၁,၀၀၀ ထိ ၂၀ ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္း၊

- က်ပ္သိန္း ၁,၀၀၀ တက်ပ္ ႏွင့္ အထက္ ၀င္ေငြမ်ားအတြက္ ၃၀ ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္း 

၀င္ေငြ ခြန္စည္းၾကပ္ ေကာက္ခံသြားမည္ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း ျပည္ေထာင္စု လႊတ္ေတာ္က အတည္ျပဳခဲ့သည့္ အခြန္အေကာက္ ဥပေဒအရ သိရသည္။ 

 ပုံမွန္ ၀င္ေငြသမားေတြဆီက သိန္း ၂၀၀ တက်ပ္ မွ သိန္း၃၀၀ထိ ၂၀ %  နွင့္ သိန္း ၃၀၀ အထက္ကို ၂၅% ေကာက္ထားတယ္။

ေငြမဲျဖစ္ေသာ ေတာထဲမူးယစ္ေဆး၀ါးကမဟားတရားရေငြနွင့္ ဌာနဆိုင္ရာလာဘ္စားထားသူေတြ ကိုေတာ့ သိန္း တက်ပ္ မွ သိန္း၃၀၀ ထိ ၁၅ %  နွင့္ သိန္း ၃၀၀ တက်ပ္မွ သိန္း ၁,၀၀၀ အထက္ကို ၂၀% ဘဲ ေကာက္ထားတယ္ ေကာင္းသလားဗ်! စဥ္းစားတာၾကည့္ေတာ့ဗ်?

လက္ရွိအေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ရအဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားစာရင္း(Myanamar Microfince Lience List)

လက္ရွိအေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ရအဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားစာရင္း

အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း ဥပ္ေဒျပဌာန္းျပီးေနာက္ ၂ဝ၁၆ ခုနွစ္ ေအာက္တိုဘာလ အထိ အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရး လုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္ လိုင္စင္မ်ား ထုတ္ေပးနိူင္မႈ အေျခအေနမွာ ေအာက္ပါအတိုင္း ျဖစ္ပါသည္ -

"လိုင္စင္ခြင့္ျပုျပီးသည့္ MFIs

             INGO အဖြဲ့အစည္း               ၇ဖြဲ့

            NGO အဖြဲ့အစည္း                 ၂၄ဖြဲ့

            သမဝါယမအဖြဲ့အစည္း            ၇၇ဖြဲ့

           ျပည္တြင္းကုမၸဏီ                   ၁၃၀ဖြဲ့

           ျပည္ပကုမၸဏီ                         ၂၉ဖြဲ့

           အစုစပ္ ကုမၸဏီ                        ၄ဖြဲ့

           စုစုေပါင္း                            ၂၇၁ဖြဲ့

လိုင္စင္ျပန္လည္အပ္နွံသည့္ MFIs

           INGO အဖြဲ့အစည္း               ၂ဖြဲ့

          သမဝါယမအဖြဲ့အစည္း           ၇၇ဖြဲ့

          ျပည္တြင္းကုမၸဏီ                 ၂၃ဖြဲ့

          ျပည္ပကုမၸဏီ                        ၁ဖြဲ့

            စုစုေပါင္း                       ၁၀၃ဖြဲ့

လက္ရွိေဆာင္ရြက္လ်က္ရွိသည့္ MFIs

            INGO အဖြဲ့အစည္း              ၅ဖြဲ့

            NGO အဖြဲ့အစည္း              ၂၄ဖြဲ့

           စုစုေပါင္း                        ၁၆၈ဖြဲ့

၂ဝ၁၆ ခုနွစ္ ေအာက္တိုဘာလအထိ အေသးစား ေငြေရးေျကးေရး အဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ား၏ လုပ္ငန္း မတည္ေငြ စုစုေပါင္း က်ပ္ သန္း ၁၇၈,၆၃၆.၇၆၆ သန္း၊ ထုတ္ေခ်းေငြ စုစုေပါင္း က်ပ္သန္း ၁,၉၀၉,၆၂၉.၃၈ ျဖင့္ ေငြေခ်းသူဦးေရ ၂,၂၆၄,၄၉၅ ဦးအား ထုတ္ေခ်းနိုင္ခဲ့ျပီး ျမို့နယ္ေပါင္း ၂၂၁ ျမို့နယ္တြင္ ရပ္ကြက္ ၁,၆၇၈ ရပ္ကြက္၊ ေက်းရြာေပါင္း ၁၅,၁၉၃ ေက်းရြာသို့ ျဖန့္က်က္ ေဆာင္ရြက္လ်က္ရွိပါသည္။"

"အေသးစား ေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကိုင္လိုသည့္ အဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ား လုပ္ငန္းလိုင္စင္အတြက္ လိုအပ္ခ်က္မ်ား

 ေအာက္ပါအတိုင္း ျဖစ္ပါသည္..

၁။မွတ္ပံုတင္ျခင္းနွင့္ေလွ်ာက္ထားျခင္းနည္းလမ္း။         -                                                                                                                                                                                             (က) လိုင္စင္ေလွ်ာက္ထားျခင္းမျပုမီ အသင္းအဖြဲ့ ဖြဲ့စည္းခြင့္နွင့္ မွတ္ပံုတင္ခြင့္ကို ဦးစြာ ေဆာင္ရြက္ရမည္။

(ခ ) INGO ၊ NGO အဖြဲ့အစည္းကဲ့သို့ အက်ိုးအျမတ္ ရယူျခင္း မရွိေသာ Non Profit Taking Organization အဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားသည္ ျပည္ထဲေရးဝန္ျကီးဌာနတြင္ မွတ္ပံုတင္ရမည္။၊ အေထြေထြအုပ္ခ်ုပ္ေရးဦးစီးဌာနတြင္ NGO အဖြဲ့အစည္းျဖစ္ပါက မွတ္ပံုတင္ခြင့္ ေလွ်ာက္ ထားရမည္။INGO အဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားျဖစ္ပါက ဖြဲ့စည္းမွတ္ပံုတင္ခြင့္ ေလွ်ာက္ထားရမည္။

(ဂ ) အျကိုးအမြတ်ရယူေသာ Profit Taking Organization သမဝါယမ အဖွဲ့အစည်းျမားသည် သမဝါယမ ဝန်ကြီးဌာနတွင် မွတ်ပံုတင်ရမည်။

(ဃ) အက်ိုးအျမတ္ရယူေသာ Profit Taking Organization ျပည္တြင္း၊ ျပည္ပ ပုဂၢလိက ကုမၸဏီမ်ားသည္ ရင္းနွီးျမႈပ္နွံမႈနွင့္ကုမၸဏီမ်ား ညွြန္ျကားမႈဦးစီးဌာနတြင္ မွတ္ပံုတင္ရမည္။

(င ) NGO မ်ားအတြက္ NGO အဖြဲ့အစည္း ဖြဲ့စည္းမွတ္ပံုတင္ခြင့္ ေလွ်ာက္ထားစဉ္ ေလွ်ာက္ ထားသည့္ တင္ျပစာ အေထာက္အထားျဖင့္ လိုင္စင္ ေလွ်ာက္ထားနိုင္ခြင့္ရွိေျကာင္း ေျဖေလ်ာ့ခြင့္ျပုထားပါသည္။

၂။ လိုင္စင္ေလွ်ာက္ထားရာတြင္တင္ျပရမည့္အေထာက္အထားမ်ား။ 
       

 ေအာက္ပါအတိုင္း ျဖစ္ပါသည္-

(က) လုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ ေလွ်ာက္လွြာ MFI 01 ပံုစံ၊

(ခ ) ျဖစ္နိုင္ေျခေလ့လာခ်က္၊

(ဂ ) ျပည္ပတြင္ တည္ေထာင္ထားေသာ အဖြဲ့အစည္းျဖစ္ပါက ပင္မအဖြဲ့အစည္းမွ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ အတြင္း MF လုပ္ေဆာင္ရန္ ခြင့္ျပုခ်က္၊

(ဃ) ျပည္ပမွ မတည္ရင္းနွီးေငြမ်ား ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံတြင္းသို့ ဝင္ေရာက္မႈလမ္းေျကာင္း၏ အေထာက္အထား ၊

(င ) ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံသံုး က်ပ္ေငြျဖင့္လဲလွယ္သည့္ အေထာက္အထားနွင့္ Show Money တင္သြင္း မႈလမ္းေျကာင္း၏ အေထာက္အထား ၊

(စ ) သက္ဆိုင္ရာ ေနျပည္ေတာ္ေကာင္စီ ၊ တိုင္းေဒသျကီးနွင့္ျပည္နယ္ အေသးစားေငြေရး ေျကးေရး လုပ္ငန္းဖြံ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရးလုပ္ငန္းေကာ္မတီ၏ ေဒသတြင္း MF လုပ္ကိုင္ရန္ ေထာက္ခံခ်က္ ၊

(ဆ) လုပ္ကိုင္လိုသည့္ အဖြဲ့အစည္း၏ သင္းဖြဲ့စည္းမ်ဉ္း သင္းဖြဲ့မွတ္တမ္း

အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ေလွ်ာက္ထားျခင္းလုပ္ငန္းစဉ္မ်ား
အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရး အဖြဲ့အစည္း	အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္းဖြံ့ျဖိုး တိုးတက္ေရး လုပ္ငန္း ေကာ္မတီ ေနျပည္ေတာ္ေကာင္စီ ၊ တိုင္းေဒသျကီး ၊ ျပည္နယ္	အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရး လုပ္ငန္း ျကီးျကပ္မႈေကာ္မ တီ
"သတ္မွတ္ထားသည့္ ေလွ်ာက္လွြာပံုစံနွင့္အတူ ေအာက္ပါ အခ်က္မ်ားပါဝင္ေသာ ျဖစ္နိုင္ေျခ ေလ့လာခ်က္ကို ပူးတြဲ၍ တင္ျပရမည္- - အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း ေဆာင္ ရြက္မည့္ေဒသ၊ ေဈးကြက္ရွိေျကာင္းနွင့္ သက္ဆိုင္ရာ ျပည္သူမ်ားကလည္း စိတ္ဝင္ စားမႈရွိေျကာင္း ေဖာ္ျပခ်က္.. - ေငြေရးေျကးေရး အရင္းအျမစ္မ်ား မည္မွ် လိုအပ္ေျကာင္းနွင့္ယင္းတို့ကို မည္သို့ ရရွိမည္ျဖစ္ေျကာင္း ေဖာ္ျပခ်က္ - အေသးစား ေငြေရးေျကးေရး လုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကိုင္ပါက ရရွိမည္ဟု ေမွ်ာ္မွန္းထား သည့္ အက်ိုးအျမတ္နွင့္ အက်ိုးအျမတ္မ်ား ကို စီမံခန့္ခြဲမည့္ အစီအစဉ္မ်ား.. - စီမံ  ခန့္ခြဲေရးဆိုင္ရာ    အရည္အခ်င္း   နွင့္ ကြ်မ္းက်င္မႈ - လုပ္ကိုင္လိုသည့္     အေသးစား     ေငြေရး ေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း အမ်ိုးအစားမ်ား" အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကိုင္လိုသည့္   အဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားသည္   လုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ကို  သက္ဆိုင္ရာ လုပ္ငန္းေကာ္မတီမွတစ္ဆင့္   ျကီးျကပ္မႈေကာ္မတီသို့  သတ္မွတ္ထားသည့္ ေလွ်ာက္လွြာပံုစံ အမ္အက္ဖ္အိုင္(စ္) -ဝ၁  နွင့္အတူ ျဖစ္နိုင္ေျခ ေလ့လာခ်က္အား ပူးတြဲတင္ျပ၍  ေလွ်ာက္ထားနိုင္ပါတယ္။ မတည္ေငြရင္းအျပည့္အဝကို သက္ဆိုင္ရာ ေနျပည္ေတာ္ေကာင္စီ ၊တိုင္းေဒသျကီး နွင့္  ျပည္နယ္အတြင္း သတ္မွတ္ ထားေသာ ျမန္မာ့စီးပြားေရးဘဏ္ရွိ ျမန္မာ့အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးျကီးျကပ္စစ္ေဆး ေရးလုပ္ငန္း၏ ေငြစာရင္းသို့ ေပးသြင္းရပါမယ္။ အဆိုပါ ထည့္ဝင္ျပီးမတည္ေငြရင္းကို ျကီးျကပ္မႈေကာ္မတီက လိုင္စင္ထုတ္ေပးမႈလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား ျပီးစီးမွသာ ျပန္လည္ထုတ္ယူခြင့္ ရွိပါတယ္။ျကီးျကပ္မႈေကာ္မတီအေနျဖင့္ ေလွ်ာက္လွြာပံုုစံပါ ျဖည့္စြက္ခ်က္မ်ားနွင့္ ျဖစ္နိုင္ေျခ ေလ့လာခ်က္တို့ကို စိစစ္ျပီး ေဆာင္ရြက္သြားမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။	အေသးစား  ေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း  လုပ္ကိုင္လိုေသာ အဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ား၏ တင္ျပ ေလွ်ာက္ထားသည့္ လုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္ ေလွ်ာက္လွြာပံုစံပါ ျဖည့္စြက္ခ်က္မ်ားနွင့္ တကြ ပူးတြဲ တင္ျပေသာ ျဖစ္နိုင္ေျခေလ့လာ ခ်က္တို့ကို စိစစ္သံုးသပ္ျပီးေနာက္ လုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ ထုတ္ေပးရန္ သင့္၊ မသင့္ အျကံျပုခ်က္နွင့္အတူ အေသးစား ေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း ျကီးျကပ္မႈ ေကာ္မတီသို့ ဆက္လက္ တင္ျပရမည္။	ေလွ်ာက္လွြာပံုစံပါ ျဖည့္စြက္ခ်က္မ်ား နွင့္ ျဖစ္နိုင္ေျခေလ့လာ ခ်က္တို့ ကိုစိစစ္ျပီး ေနာက္ေလွ်ာက္လွြာ လက္ခံ ရရွိသည့္ေန့မွ ရက္ေပါင္း ၃၀ အတြင္း  လုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္ လိုင္စင္ ထုတ္ေပးျခင္း သို့မဟုတ္ယင္း လိုင္စင္ ထုတ္ေပးရန္ ျငင္းပယ္ျခင္း ျပုနိုင္ သည္။

အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးအဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားအေနျဖင့္ မည္သည့္လုပ္ငန္းမ်ား လုပ္ကိုင္နိုင္ ပါသလဲ?

အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးအဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားအေနျဖင့္ ျကီးျကပ္မႈေကာ္မတီ၏ ခြင့္ျပုခ်က္ ျဖင့္ အေသးစားေခ်းေငြထုတ္ေပးျခင္း  ၊ အပ္ေငြလက္ခံျခင္း ၊   ေငြလွြဲေျပာင္းေပးပို့ျခင္း ၊ အာမခံလုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ျခင္း ၊ ျပည္တြင္း ျပည္ပမွ ေငြေခ်းယူျခင္း နွင့္ အျခားေငြေရး ေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား ေဆာင္ရြက္နိုင္ပါတယ္။ 
ယခုေလာေလာဆယ္ ျကီးျကပ္မႈေကာ္မတီအေနျဖင့္ ‘‘အေသးစားေခ်းေငြထုတ္ေပးျခင္း’’ နွင့္ ‘‘အပ္ေငြလက္ခံျခင္း’’ လုပ္ငန္း မ်ားကိုသာ ခြင့္ျပုေဆာင္ရြက္ေပးသြားမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။

အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကိုင္လိုသည့္  အဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားသည္  လုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ ရရွိရန္ မည္သို့ ေလွ်ာက္ထားရပါမလဲ?

အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကိုင္လိုသည့္   အဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားသည္   လုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ကို  သက္ဆိုင္ရာ လုပ္ငန္းေကာ္မတီမွတစ္ဆင့္   ျကီးျကပ္မႈေကာ္မတီသို့  သတ္မွတ္ထားသည့္ ေလွ်ာက္လွြာပံုစံ အမ္အက္ဖ္အိုင္(စ္) -ဝ၁  နွင့္အတူ ျဖစ္နိုင္ေျခ ေလ့လာခ်က္အား ပူးတြဲတင္ျပ၍  ေလွ်ာက္ထားနိုင္ပါတယ္။ မတည္ေငြရင္းအျပည့္အဝကို သက္ဆိုင္ရာ ေနျပည္ေတာ္ေကာင္စီ ၊တိုင္းေဒသျကီး နွင့္  ျပည္နယ္အတြင္း သတ္မွတ္ ထားေသာ ျမန္မာ့စီးပြားေရးဘဏ္ရွိ ျမန္မာ့အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးျကီးျကပ္စစ္ေဆး ေရးလုပ္ငန္း၏ ေငြစာရင္းသို့ ေပးသြင္းရပါမယ္။ အဆိုပါ ထည့္ဝင္ျပီးမတည္ေငြရင္းကို ျကီးျကပ္မႈေကာ္မတီက လိုင္စင္ထုတ္ေပးမႈလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား ျပီးစီးမွသာ ျပန္လည္ထုတ္ယူခြင့္ ရွိပါတယ္။ျကီးျကပ္မႈေကာ္မတီအေနျဖင့္ ေလွ်ာက္လွြာပံုုစံပါ ျဖည့္စြက္ခ်က္မ်ားနွင့္ ျဖစ္နိုင္ေျခ ေလ့လာခ်က္တို့ကို စိစစ္ျပီး ေဆာင္ရြက္သြားမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။

အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း လုပ္ကိုင္လိုသည့္ အဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားအေနျဖင့္ ဘယ္လို ဆက္သြယ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ရပါမလဲ?

မိမိေဆာင္ရြက္လိုသည့္ နယ္ေျမေဒသအလိုက္ သက္ဆိုင္ရာ တိုင္းေဒသျကီး ၊ ျပည္နယ္ အစိုးရအဖြဲ့နွင့္ ေနျပည္ေတာ္ေကာင္စီတို့တြင္ ဖြဲ့စည္းထားသည့္ အေသးစားေငြေရး ေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း ဖြံ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရးလုပ္ငန္းေကာ္မတီ မ်ားနွင့္ေသာ္လည္းေကာင္း ဆက္သြယ္ေဆာင္ရြက္နိုင္ပါတယ္။

အေသးစားေခ်းေငြဆိုတာ ဘာကိုဆိုလိုပါသလဲ?

အေျခခံလူတန္းစား၏  ဆင္းရဲနြမ္းပါးမႈ ေလွ်ာ့ခ်ရန္နွင့္ ယင္းတို့၏လူမႈစီးပြားေရးဘဝ တိုးတက္ျမင့္မားရန္ အာမခံပစၥည္း(အေပါင္ပစၥည္း) တင္သြင္းရန္ မလိုဘဲ ထုတ္ေခ်းသည့္ ေငြကို ဆိုလိုပါတယ္။

လုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ရရွိသည့္ေန့မွစ၍ လုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္ လိုင္စင္ေျကးကို ဘယ္နွစ္ရက္အတြင္း ေပးသြင္းရပါမလဲ?

အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရး အဖြဲ့အစည္းသည္ လုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ ရရွိသည့္ေန့ မွစ၍ ၁၅ ရက္အတြင္း သတ္မွတ္သည့္ လုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္ လိုင္စင္ေျကးကို သက္ဆိုင္ရာ ေနျပည္ေတာ္ေကာင္စီ၊ တိုင္းေဒသျကီး နွင့္ျပည္နယ္အတြင္းသတ္မွတ္ထားေသာ ျမန္မာ့ စီးပြားေရးဘဏ္ရွိ ျမန္မာ့အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးျကီးျကပ္စစ္ေဆးေရးလုပ္ငန္း၏ ေငြစာရင္းသို့ ေပးသြင္းရပါမယ္။

လုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္ လိုင္စင္ေလွ်ာက္ထားျပီး လိုင္စင္ရရွိရန္ မည္မွ်ျကာပါသလဲ?

ျကီးျကပ္မႈေကာ္မတီသည္  လုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္  ေလွ်ာက္ထားျခင္းကို လက္ခံရရွိ ျပီး ရက္ေပါင္း ၃၀ အတြင္း လုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ ထုတ္ေပးမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။

ထည့္ဝင္ျပီး မတည္ေငြရင္းကို မည္သို့ေပးသြင္းရပါသလဲ?

အေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း ေဆာင္ရြက္လိုေသာ အဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားသည္ ထည့္ဝင္ျပီး မတည္ေငြရင္းကို ေငြသားျဖင့္ ( Show Money ) ေပးသြင္းရပါမည္။ အေသးစားေငြေရး ေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္း ဥပေဒမျပ႒ဌာန္းမီ လက္ရွိ လုပ္ကိုင္ေဆာင္ရြက္လ်က္ရွိေသာ အေသးစား ေငြေရးေျကးေရးအဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ား၏   မတည္ေငြ   ( Show Money ) အျဖစ္  တင္ျပရာမွာ လည္ပတ္မတည္ေငြ မ်ားအား စာရင္းဇယား အေထာက္အထား ခိုင္လံုစြာရယူ၍ အတည္ျပု ေပးရမွာျဖစ္ပါတယ္။

အတိုးနႈန္းကို မည္ကဲ့သို့  သတ္မွတ္ထားပါသလဲ?

အေသးစားေခ်းေငြအေပၚ အတိုးနႈန္းအား က်ပ္ ၁၀ဝ တစ္လလွ်င္ ၂.၅ က်ပ္၊ တစ္နွစ္လွ်င္ ၃၀ က်ပ္နႈန္းထက္မမ်ားရန္။အပ္ေငြအေပၚအတိုးနႈန္းအား က်ပ္ ၁၀ဝ တစ္လလွ်င္ ၁.၂၅ က်ပ္၊ တစ္နွစ္လွ်င္ ၁၅ က်ပ္နႈန္းထက္မနည္းရန္ သတ္မွတ္ထားပါတယ္။

လုပ်ငန်းလုပ်ကိုင်ခွင့်လိုင်စင် လျှောက်ထားရာတွင် အနည်းဆုံး ထည့်၀င်ပြီး  မတည်ငွေရင်းကို မည်မျှသတ်မှတ်ထားပါသလဲ။

အနည်းဆုံး ထည့်၀င်ပြီး မတည်ငွေရင်းကို အပ်ငွေလက်ခံခြင်းမပြုသည့် အသေးစားငွေရေး ကြေးရေး အဖွဲ့အစည်းများအတွက် ကျပ် ၁၅ သန်း ၊  အပ်ငွေလက်ခံသည့်   အဖွဲ့အစည်း များအတွက် ကျပ်  ၃၀ သန်း သတ်မှတ်ထားပါတယ်။


လက္ရွိအေသးစားေငြေရးေျကးေရးလုပ္ငန္းလုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္လိုင္စင္ရအဖြဲ့အစည္းမ်ားစာရင္း

Myanma Microfinance Supervisory Enterprise (MMSE) by Ko Nge on Scribd

Ref:http://www.mmse.gov.mm/team