ဟုန္ေပါင္း (အန္ေပါင္း) 红包 Hong Bao
တရုတ္နုိင္ငံ ႏွင့္ အာရွအေ႐ွ႕ပိုင္း၊ အေ႐ွ႕ေတာင္အာ႐ွႏိုင္ငံမ်ားတြင္ ဟုန္ေပါင္း (အန္ေပါင္း) ကို တ႐ုတ္ႏွစ္သစ္ကူး၊ မဂၤလာေဆာင္ ႏွင့္ ကေလးေမြးေန႔မ်ားတြင္ ေပးၾကသည္။
အနီေရာင္၏ အဓိပၸါယ္သည္ ကံေကာင္းျခင္း ႏွင့္ မေကာင္းအႏၱရာယ္ မွကာကြယ္ေပးျခင္းတို႔ျဖစ္သည္။ အနီေရာင္စာအိပ္ကို ဟုန္ေပါင္း (ဖူက်င့္လို အန္ေပါင္း) ဟုေခၚသည္။ ဟုန္ေပါင္းကို အိမ္ေထာင္႐ွင္မ်ားမွ လူငယ္မ်ားကိုေပးျခင္း၊ အသက္ႀကီးသူမ်ားမွ အသက္ငယ္သူမ်ားကို တ႐ုတ္ႏွစ္သစ္ကူးေန႔တြင္ ေပးၾကသည္။
အန္ေပါင္းအိတ္ထဲတြင္ တ႐ုတ္အယူအရ ပိုက္ဆံကိုစံုဂဏန္းမ်ားျဖင့္ေပးေလ့ရွိသည္။ မဂဏန္းမ်ားကိုေတာ့ တ႐ုတ္နာေရးမ်ားတြင္ေပးေလ့ရွိသည္။ မဂဏန္းမ်ားထဲတြင္ (၉)ဂဏန္းကိုေတာ့ နာေရးမ်ားတြင္ သံုးေလ့မရွိပါ။ (၉)ဂဏန္းသည္ အကၡရာထဲတြင္ အႀကီးဆံုးျဖစ္ေသာေၾကာင့္ျဖစ္သည္။ စံုဂဏန္းထဲတြင္ (၄)ဂဏန္းကိုေတာ့ ဟုန္ေပါင္းမ်ားတြင္ ထည့္မေပးေခ်။ ဥပမာ ၄၀၊ ၄၀၀၊ ၄၄၄။ ၄ဆိုသည္ တရုတ္အသံထြက္ ေသသည္ဆိုေသာ အသံထြက္ႏွင့္တူေသာေၾကာင့္ျဖစ္သည္။
တ႐ုတ္နွစ္သစ္ကူးမ်ားတြင္ ဟုန္ေပါင္းကို အိမ္ေထာင္ရွိသူမ်ားမွ အိမ္ေထာင္မရွိသူမ်ားအား ေပးၾကသည္။ အမ်ားအားျဖင့္ ကေလးသူငယ္မ်ားအား ေပးျခင္းျဖစ္သည္။ တ႐ုတ္ျပည္ေျမာက္ပိုင္းေဒသမ်ားတြင္ အန္ေပါင္းကို အသက္ႀကီးသူမ်ားက အသက္ငယ္သူ(၂၅ႏွစ္ေအာက္) မ်ားကိုသာေပးၾကသည္။ က်န္ေဒသမ်ားတြင္ အသက္ငယ္သူ(အလုပ္မလုပ္ေသးေသာသူ)မ်ားကိုေပးၾကသည္။ တရုတ္နွစ္သစ္ကူး ျခေသၤ့အကႏွင့္ နဂါးအကမ်ားကိုလည္း အန္ေပါင္းမ်ားေပးေလ့ရွိသည္။
တ႐ုတ္ျပည္ ခ်င္မင္းဆက္အခ်ိန္တြင္ အန္ေပါင္းကို အေၾကြေစ့တြင္ အနီေရာင္အပ္ခ်ည္ႀကိဳးခ်ည္၍ ေပးၾကသည္။ အနီေရာင္ၾကိဳးခ်ည္ထားေသာ အေၾကြေစ့သည္ ကေလးသူငယ္မ်ားအား ဖ်ားနာျခင္း၊ မေကာင္းေသာအႏၱရာယ္မ်ား၊ ေသဆံုးျခင္းမွ ကာကြယ္ႏိုင္သည္ဟု ယံုၾကည္ၾကသည္။
ေ႐ွးအခါ ရြာတစ္ရြာတြင္ နတ္ဆိုးတစ္ေကာင္သည္ ကေလးသူငယ္မ်ားအား ဖမ္းယူေလ့႐ွိသည္။ ရြာသူရြာသားမ်ားအိပ္ေနေသာအခ်ိန္တြင္ နတ္ဆိုးႀကီးသည္ ကေလးငယ္မ်ားအား ဦးေခါင္းကိုထိလိုက္သည္ႏွင့္ ကေလးငယ္မ်ားသည္ ေသဆံုးသြားၾကသည္။ ထိုေၾကာင့္ ရြာသူရြာသားမ်ားသည္ ကေလးငယ္ေလးမ်ား အသက္အႏၱရာယ္မ်ားမွ ကင္းေ၀းေစရန္ ေမြးဖြားၿပီးသည္ႏွင့္ ဘုရားေက်ာင္းမ်ားသို႔ သြားေရာက္၍ သက္ဆိုင္ရာနတ္ဘုရားထံ ကေလးငယ္ေလးမ်ားအား ကာကြယ္ရန္ အပ္ႏွံၾကသည္။ ထိုေနာက္ နတ္ဘုရားသည္ ရြာသူရြာသားမ်ားအား အိပ္မက္ေပးေလသည္။
(၈)ဂဏန္းသည္ ကေလးငယ္ေလးမ်ားအား နတ္ဆိုးထံမွကာကြယ္ေပးမည္ဟု အိပ္မက္ေပးေလသည္။ ထိုေၾကာင့္ ရြာသားမ်ားသည္ အေၾကြေစ့၈ခုကို ကေလးငယ္မ်ား၏ ေခါင္းအံုးေအာက္တြင္ ထား၍ နတ္ဆိုးထံမွကာကြယ္ၾကသည္။ ညအခ်ိန္ေရာက္ေသာအခါ နတ္ဆုိးႀကီးေရာက္လာၿပီး ကေလးငယ္ဦးေခါင္းအား ထိလိုက္ေသာအခါ အလင္းေရာင္ျဖာထြက္လာၿပီး နတ္ဆိုးႀကီးသည္ ကေလးငယ္အားထိ၍မရေပ။ ထိုအခါ နတ္ဆိုးႀကီးသည္ ေၾကာက္လန္႔တၾကားေအာ္၍ ေျပးေလသည္။ ထိုေၾကာင့္ ရြာသူရြာသားမ်ားသည္ အေၾကြေစ့ ၈ခုကို အနီေရာင္အိတ္ထဲတြင္ထည့္၍ ကေလးသူငယ္မ်ား၏ ေခါင္းအံုးေအာက္တြင္ ထားေပးၾကသည္။ ထိုေၾကာင့္ အခ်ိန္ကာလေျပာင္းလဲလာေသာအခါ ကေလးေမြးဖြားေသာအခါ ေဆြမ်ိဳးမ်ားက ကေလးငယ္အႏၱရာယ္ကင္းေအာင္ ကေလးငယ္အား အနီေရာင္စာအိတ္ထဲတြင္ ပိုက္ဆံကို(၈)ဂဏန္းဆံုးျဖင့္ ေပးေလ့ရွိသည္။
1. 恭喜发财 (gōng xǐ fā cái)
ဥစၥာဓါနတိုးတက္ပါေစ။
2. 财源广进 (cái yuán guǎng jìn)
တိုးတက္ႀကီးပြားပါေစ။
3. 新年快乐(xīn nián kuài lè)
ႏွစ္သစ္မွာေပ်ာ္ရႊင္ပါေစ။
4. 金玉滿堂 (jīn yù mǎn táng)
ေရႊေငြရတနာမ်ားျဖင့္ျပည့္စံုပါေစ။
5. 一本萬利 (yī běn wàn lì)
ေသးငယ္ေသာလုပ္ငန္းမွ ၾကီးမားေသာအျမတ္အစြန္းရပါေစ။
6. 招財進寶 (zhāo cái jìn bǎo)
ဥစၥာဓနႏွင့္ေရႊေငြမ်ားစြာရွာေဖြနိုင္ပါေစ။
7. 財源滾滾 (cái yuán gǔn gǔn)
ဥစၥာဓနမ်ား၀င္လာမစဲျဖစ္ပါေစ။
8. 大吉大利 (dà jí dà lì)
က်က္သေရမဂၤလာလိုအင္ဆႏၵမ်ားျပည့္စံုပါေစ။
9. 年年有餘 (nián nián yǒu yú)
ႏွစ္စဥ္ႏွစ္တိုင္းလုပ္သမွ်အဆင္ေျပပါေစ။
10. 事业发达 (shì yè fā dá）
လုပ္ငန္းမ်ားအဆင္ေျပပါေစ။
11. 升官发财 (shēng guān fā cái)
ရာထူးတိုး လစာမ်ားတိုးပါေစ။
12. 生意兴隆 (shēng yì xīng lóng)
လုပ္ငန္းမ်ားအဆင္ေျပပါေစ။
13. 學業進步 (xué yè jìn bù)
ပညာေရးတိုးတက္ေအာင္ျမင္ပါေစ။
14. 步步高升 (bù bù gāo shēng)
ေျခလွမ္းတိုင္းေအာင္ျမင္မႈရပါေစ။
15. 新年進步 (xīn nián jìn bù)
ႏွစ္သစ္မွာကံေကာင္းျခင္းေတြေဆာင္ယူနိုင္ပါေစ။
16. 心想事成 (xīn xiǎng shì chéng)
ရည္မွန္းခ်က္မ်ားေအာင္ျမင္ပါေစ။
17. 万事如意 (wàn shì rú yì)
အရာရာတိုင္းေအာင္ျမင္ပါေစ။
18. 笑口常開 (xiào kǒu cháng kāi)
အျမဲျပံဳးေပ်ာ္ရႊင္ပါေစ။
19. 五福臨門 (wǔ fú lín mén)
ကံေကာင္းျခင္းငါးပါးႏွင့္ျပည့္စံုပါေစ။
20. 身体健康 (shēn tǐ jiàn kāng)
က်န္းမာပါေစ။
21. 竹報平安 (zhú bào píng ān)
ေကာင္းသတင္းမ်ားၾကားရပါေစ။
22. 福壽雙全 (fú shòu shuāng quán)
အသက္ရွည္ျခင္းႏွင့္ေကာင္းခ်ီးမဂၤလာမ်ားႏွင့္ျပည့္စံုပါေစ။
23. 岁岁平安 (suì suì píng ān)
အသက္ရြယ္တိုင္းေအးခ်မ္းစြာေနနိုင္ပါေစ။
24. 马到成功 ( Mǎ dào chéng gōng)
ခ်က္ခ်င္းလုပ္ ခ်က္ခ်င္းေအာင္ျမင္ပါေစ။
25.一帆风顺 (Yīfān fēngshùn)
ဘ၀ေခ်ာေမြ႔ပါေစ။
26. 阖家幸福 (Héjiā xìngfú)
မိသားစုအားလံုးေပ်ာ္ရႊင္ပါေစ။
Ref:https://www.facebook.com/594427494023065/posts/1466139273518545/
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Red envelope
In Chinese and other East Asian and Southeast Asian societies, a red envelope, red packet, lì xì (Vietnamese), lai see(Cantonese), âng-pau (Hokkien) or hóngbāo (Mandarin) is a monetary gift which is given during holidays or special occasions such as weddings, graduation or the birth of a baby.
Outside of China, similar customs have been adopted across parts of Southeast Asia and many other countries with a sizable ethnic Chinese population.
In China, the Chinese mobile app WeChat popularized the distribution of WeChat red envelope in 2014 via mobile payments over the internet. This method of distributing red envelopes is now quite popular in the country.
Usage
Red envelopes are gifts presented at social and family gatherings such as weddings or holidays such as Chinese New Year. The red color of the envelopesymbolizes good luck and is a symbol to ward off evil spirits. The act of requesting red packets is normally called tao hongbao (Chinese: 討紅包; pinyin: tǎo hóngbāo) or yao lishi (Chinese: 要利是; pinyin: yào lì shì), and in the south of China, dou li shi (Chinese: 逗利是; pinyin: dòu lì shì; Cantonese Yale: dau6 lai6 si6). Red envelopes are usually given out by married couples to single people, regardless of age, or by older to younger ones during holidays and festivals.The amount of money contained in the envelope usually ends with an even digit, in accordance with Chinese beliefs; odd-numbered money gifts are traditionally associated with funerals. The exception being the number 9 as it pronunciation of nine is homophonus to the word long and is the largest digit.[1]Still in some regions of China and in its diaspora community, odd numbers are favored for weddings because they are difficult to divide. There is also a widespread tradition that money should not be given in fours, or the number four should not appear in the amount, such as in 40, 400 and 444, as the pronunciation of the word four is homophonous to the word death.
At wedding banquets, the amount offered is usually intended to cover the cost of the attendees as well as signify goodwill to the newlyweds. Amounts given are often recorded in ceremonial ledgers for the new couple to keep.
During the Chinese New Year, in Southern China, red envelopes are typically given by the married to the unmarried, most of whom are children. In northern and southern China, red envelopes are typically given by the elders to the younger under 25 (30 in most of the three northeastern provinces), regardless of marital status, while in some regions red envelopes are only given to the young people without jobs.[2] The amount of money is usually notes to avoid heavy coins and to make it difficult to judge the amount inside before opening. It is traditional to put brand new notes inside red envelopes and also to avoid opening the envelopes in front of the relatives out of courtesy.
It is also given during the Chinese New Year in workplace from a person of authority (supervisors or owner of the business) out of his own fund to employees as a token of good fortune for the upcoming year.
In acting, it is also conventional to give an actor a red packet when he or she is to play a dead character, or pose for a picture for an obituary or a grave stone.
Red packets are also used to deliver payment for favorable service to lion dance performers, religious practitioners, teachers, and doctors.
Digital red envelopes
During the Chinese New Year holiday in 2014, the mobile instant messagingservice WeChat introduced the ability to distribute virtual red envelopes of money to contacts and groups via its mobile payment platform. The feature became considerably popular, owing to its contemporary interpretation of the traditional practice, and a promotional giveaway held during the CCTV New Year's Gala, China's most-watched television special, where viewers could win red envelopes as prizes. Adoption of WeChat Pay saw a major increase following the launch, and two years later, over 32 billion virtual envelopes were sent over the Chinese New Year holiday in 2016 (itself a tenfold increase over 2015). The popularity spawned a "red envelope war" between WeChat owner Tencent and its historic rival, Alibaba Group, which added a similar function to its competing messaging service and has held similar giveaway promotions, and imitations of the feature from other vendors.[3][4][5] Analysts estimated that over 100 billion digital red envelopes would be sent over the New Year holiday in 2017.[6][7]
Origin
In China, during the Qin Dynasty, the elderly would thread coins with a red string. The money was referred to as "money warding off evil spirits" (Chinese: 壓祟錢; pinyin: yāsuì qián) and was believed to protect the person of younger generation from sickness and death.[citation needed] The yasui qian was replaced by red envelopes when printing presses became more common and is now found written using the homophone for suì that means "old age" instead of "evil spirits" thus, "money warding off old age" (Chinese: 壓歲錢; pinyin: yāsuì qián). Red envelopes continue to be referred to by such names today.
Other customs
Other similar traditions also exist in other countries in Asia. In Thailand, Myanmar (Burma) and Cambodia, the Chinese diaspora and immigrants have introduced the culture of red envelopes.
In Cambodia, red envelopes are called Ang Pav or Tae Ea(give Ang Pav). Ang Pav is delivered with best wishes from elder to younger generations. The money amount in Ang Pav makes young children happy and is a most important gift which traditionally reflects the best wishes as a symbol of good luck for the elders. Ang Pav can be presented in the day of Chinese New Year or "Saen Chen", when relatives gather together. The gift is kept as a worship item in or under the pillowcase, or somewhere else, especially near the bed of young while they are sleeping in New Year time. Gift in Ang Pav can be either money or a cheque, and more or less according to the charity of the donors. The tradition of the delivery of Ang Pav traditionally descended from one generation to another a long time ago. Ang Pav will not be given to some one in family who has got a career, but this person has to, in return, deliver it to their parents and/or their younger children or siblings. At weddings, the amount offered is usually intended to cover the cost of the attendees as well as help the newly married couple.
In Vietnam, red envelopes are considered to be lucky money and are typically given to children. They are generally given by the elders and adults, where a greeting or offering health and longevity is exchanged by the younger generation. Common greetings include "Sống lâu trăm tuổi", "An khang thịnh vượng" (安康興旺), "Vạn sự như ý" (萬事如意) and Sức khỏe dồi dào, which all relate back to the idea of wishing health and prosperity as age besets everyone in Vietnam on the Lunar New Year. The typical name for lucky money is lì xì or, less commonly, mừng tuổi.
In South Korea and Japan, a monetary gift is given to children by their relatives during the New Year period. In both countries, however, white envelopes are used instead of red, with the name of the receiver written on the back. A similar practice, Shūgi-bukuro, is observed for Japanese weddings, but the envelope is folded rather than sealed, and decorated with an elaborate bow.
In the Philippines, Chinese Filipinos exchange red envelopes (termed ang pao) during the Lunar New Year, which is an easily recognisable symbol. The red envelope has gained wider acceptance among non-Chinese Filipinos, who have appropriated the custom for other occasions such as birthdays, and in giving monetary aguinaldo during Christmas.
Red packets as a form of bribery in China's film industry were revealed in 2014's Sony hack.[8]
Green envelope
Malay Muslims in Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, and Singapore have adopted the Chinese custom of handing out monetary gifts in envelopes as part of their Eid al-Fitr (Malay: Hari Raya Aidilfitri) celebrations, but instead of red packets, green envelopes are used. Customarily a family will have (usually small) amounts of money in green envelopes ready for visitors, and may send them to friends and family unable to visit. Green is used for its traditional association with Islam, and the adaptation of the red envelope is based on the Muslim custom of sadaqah, or voluntary charity. While present in the Qur'an, sadaqah is much less formally established than the sometimes similar practice of zakat, and in many cultures this takes a form closer to gift-giving and generosity among friends than charity in the strict sense, i.e. no attempt is made to give more to guests "in need", nor is it as a religious obligation as Islamic charity is often viewed.
Purple envelope
The tradition of ang pao has also been adopted by the local Indian Hindu populations of Singapore and Malaysia for Deepavali. They are known as Deepavali ang pow (in Malaysia), purple ang pow or simply ang pow (in Singapore).[9] Yellow coloured envelopes for Deepavali have also been available at times in the past.[10][self-published sour
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